Day 2 Flashcards
Body mechanics
Special techniques to coordinate balance and movement in order to prevent strain and injury
Base of support
The area that an object rests on; when you are standing, this is your feet
Chemical restraints
Certain drugs such as sedatives that restrain a person by controlling behavior
Clove hitch
A type of knot that can be easily released in case of an emergency
RACE
Remove patients to safe zone, Activate alarm, Contain the fire, Extinguish the fire
Restraints
Belts, straps, or garments used to hold a patient in a position or restrict the movement of a limb
Toxic
Poisonous
Admission
The set of procedures that marks a patients entry into a health care facility
Discharge
The set of procedures that marks a patient’s release from a health care facility
Transfer
The set of procedures that involves moving a patient from his or her unit to another
Aspirate
To inhale foreign material into the lungs
Binder
A device that holds a surgical dressing in place
Depilatory
A special cream for removing hair that may be used in place of shaving
General anesthetic
A drug that blocks the reception of pain in the brain causing loss of feeling in the entire body and unconsciousness
Infusion
A solution introduced into a vein such as by an iv
Local anesthetic
A drug that blocks the reception of pain only in the area being operated on
Post op
After surgery
Pre op
Before surgery
Dexterity
Having the skill to handle equipment and patients carefully and correctly
Invasive
Put into body
Noninvasive
Does not require placement in body
Physiatrist
A medical doctor experienced in geriatrics, physical medicine, and rehab
Subacute care
Health care provided in a facility for patients who are well enough to be discharged from a hospital but still require care they cannot get at home
Objective data
Observed by senses and is reproducible and measurable
Subjective data
Information reported by a patient about feeling
Flow chart
A sheet that documents the actions and observations made at regular intervals
Anemia
A blood disorder characterized by lack of the oxygen carrying component in red blood cells. Caused by lack of iron intake
Calorie
The measurement of the energy stored in food. Also the energy expended by a person
Carbohydrate
A type of nutrient made up primarily of starches and sugars that is used by the body to produce energy and heat
Cubic centimeter cc
Unit of measurement in the metric system equal to one millimeter
Fat
A type of nutrient that provides the most concentrated form of energy and is used by the body to store energy
Force fluids
A physicians orders for a patient to take extra fluids
Gastrostomy tube
A tube that feeds s patient through an opening in the abdomen directly into the stomach
General diet
A basic well balanced diet prepared for patients without specific diet modifications
Graduate
Type of measuring cup marked to show amounts
Mineral
A type of nutrient made up of nonliving chemical compounds that function in metabolism and helps build body tissue
Nasogastric feeding tube
A method of feeding a patient through a tube channeled down the nose and throat and stomach
Nutrient
One of many chemical substances in food that promote growth and maintenance of health; include carbs proteins fats vitamins and minerals
Nutrition
How the body takes in and uses food to maintain health
Osteoporosis
A condition characterized by the loss of bone density causing bones to become more brittle and easily fractured. A calcium poor diet is a potential cause
Protein
A type of nutrient consisting of amino acids derived from food that is essential for growth and repair of body tissue
Therapeutic diet
A special diet designed for a treatment or to meet the particular nutrition needs for a patient
Vitamin
A type of nutrient of plant or animal origin that triggers a wide variety of bodily processes
Bedpan
Portable pan in which all patients defecate and in which females urinate while in bed
Condom catheter
A catheter for male patients that consists of a soft rubber sheath attached to a drainage tube
Constipation
A condition in which feces are hard and dry and are not easily eliminated from the body
Defecation
The discharge of feces from the rectum through the anus; having a bowel movement
Diarrhea
The passage of liquid feces
Feces
Stool or bowel movement semisolid waste product eliminated through the rectum and anus
Foley catheter
A urinary catheter that is left in the bladder so urine can drain continuously. Also called an in dwelling catheter
Incontinence brief
Absorbent briefs made of cloth or disposable material used by patients who difficulty controlling urination or defecation
Perineal care
Cleaning and care of a patients genital and anal area
Perineum
The area between the external genitals and the anus
Portable bedside commode
A moveable chair with a toilet seat that is used for elimination at bedside
Urinal
Portable container in which male patients urinate while in bed
Urinary catheter
A tube inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to drain urine
Urinary meatus
The external opening of the urethra which is the insertion site of a catheter
Clean catch
Refers to a urine specimen that is obtained without being contaminated by anything outside the patients body
Expectorate
To cough up material from the lungs or material windpipe and spit it out
Midstream
Refers to a urine specimen in which collection is begun after the urine stream has started and stops before the urine stream stops
Saliva
Thin clear liquid produced by the salivary glands in the mouth
Specimen
A sample of a material such as blood urine or spinal fluid taken from a patients body for diagnostic purposes
Sputum
Material coughed up from the lungs or bronchial tubes and spit out of the mouth
Stool
Bowel movement of feces. Semisolid waste products eliminated through the rectum and anus
Constrict
To make narrow or smaller
Cyanosis
Bluish color to the skin due to lack of oxygen in the blood
Dilate
To enlarge our expand
Enema
A fluid injected into the rectum and lower colon that empties the bowel
Flatus bag
A bag connected to the rectal tube for the purpose of containing flats or feces removed to the rectum
Rectal suppository
A small waxy pellet which is inserted into the rectum to provide lubrication or medication
Rectal tube
A tube placed in the rectum to relieve flat us pressure in the patients lower bowel
Sitz bath
A type of bath in which only the genital and anal areas are soaked
ABCs of body mechanics
Alignment Balance Coordination
PASS
Pull Aim Squeeze Spray
Symptoms of dehydration
Trouble drinking, less that six 8 oz water, confused or tired, dry mouth, dark smelly urine, cracked mouth
Jewish orthodox
Prohibits: shellfish, nonkosher meats, pork, serving milk, milk products with meat, eating leavened bread during Passover
Muslim
Avoid alcohol, pork, and pork products
Roman Catholic
Avoid food 1 hour before communion. Avoid meat on Ash Wednesday and good Friday. Observe special fasting days
Conservative Protestant
May avoid coffee tea and alcohol
Greek Orthodox
On fasting days avoid meats and dairy products
Christian Science
Avoid coffee tea and alcohol
Seventh days
Avoid coffee tea alcohol pork and pork products
NAS
Limits food containing salt or includes only salt free foods. For patients with kidney or heart problems
ADA
Combines balanced diet with insulin or hypoglycemic drugs. To maintain blood sugar level in diabetic patients
Low fat/low cholesterol
Limits fat and calories and increases protein and carbs. For patients who have trouble digesting fats or to reg cholesterol in the blood
Low calorie
Limits calorie intake. For patients who need to lose weight
Low fiber
Omits food high in fiber and bulk. For patients with digestive problems
High calorie
Increases foods high in proteins carbs vitamins and minerals. For patients who are underweight or malnourished
High protein
Supplements meal with high protein foods. To assist in the growth and repair of tissues
Clear liquid
A temporary diet. Made up of water tea broth carbonated beverages strained juices and gelatin. For patients with acute illnesses vomiting or diarrhea. First stage of postop dietary routine
Full liquid
May be used for long periods. Made up of clear liquids plus sherbet pudding milk custard ice cream and yogurt. For patients with stomach irritation nausea or vomiting. Patients who have difficulty chewing or swallowing. Second stage of postop diet
Soft
Made up of liquids and semisolid foods that are soft and easily digested. May include foods on a regular diet that are puréed or strained. For patients who have difficulty chewing or swallowing digestive problems or infections. Third stage of postop diet
Impaction
Happens if constipation is nit relieved. Signs are liquid seeping from anus. Digital extraction or oral laxatives necessary
C. Diff
Bacterial, antibiotic resistant diarrheal infection
Urinary retention
Inability to completely or partially emptying bladder
Dysuria
Difficulty urinating
