Day 2 Session 3

Question 1

What are the 10 greatest public health achievements of the 20th century?

Answer 1

1 vaccines 
2 Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard
3 motor-vehicle safety
4 Safer workplaces
5 Control of infectious disease
6 Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke
7 Safer and healthier foods
8 Healthier mothers and babies
9 Family planning and contraception 
10 Fluoridation of drinking water

Question 2

What are the key facts to tobacco control?

Answer 2

• decline of smoking prevalence correlates with the level of tobacco control activities occurring at the time
• Supported by experimental and other effectiveness of various specific intervention strategies used

Question 3

What what WHOs convention on Tobacco control ?

Answer 3

MPOWER:

• monitor use and prevention policies
• protect people from tobacco smoke
• offer help to quit tobacco use
• warn about the dangers
• enforce bans on tobacco advertising promotion and sponsorship
• raise taxes on tobacco

Question 4

What was the approach on cervical cancer?

Answer 4

• pap tests available 1960s
• ‘opportunistic’ screening in Aus before 1990 - enthusiasm, increased awareness, few gyno trained overseas, no national policy
• ‘organised’ screening from 1991 - surveillance system arranged
• Australian National Cervical Screening Program
• School based HPV vaccination

Question 5

What groups are at higher risk of developing cervical cancer?

Answer 5

• Indigenous women
• Women in remote areas
• Some overseas born women
• Unscreened women

Question 6

What are the features of a successful organised cervical screening program?

Answer 6

• Government agreed policy

- Systems to implement policy eg Victorian Cervical Cytology Register

Question 7

What contributed to containment and prevention of HIV in 1987?

Answer 7

• Aggressive & confrontational education campaign based on fear and community threat
• Gay activism and advocacy
• Surveillance and Research
• Political will
• Availability of anti-retro-viral drugs at minimal costs to users

Question 8

What are the likely contributors to the increase in the rate of HIV since 1999?

Answer 8

• complacency, message failure
• generational change
• new arrivals from other countries
• availability of treatment -perceived reduction in threat

Question 9

What has been the response to the rise in HIV since 1999?

Answer 9

• new strategies & science (low viral load & post exposure prophylaxis (PEP))
• current prevention message in Aus
• new strategies
• sexually explicit social marketing campaigns eg Being Breno