Datagrams Exam 2 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Among older adults in the community, _% rely on formal care, __% use a
combination of informal care and paid assistance, while nearly __% receive
care solely from family, friends, and neighbors.

A

9
21
70

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2
Q

The primary forms of care provided by families are: (1) emotional support, (2)
instrumental activities inside and outside the home, (3) personal care and (4)
contacting and monitoring services.

A

internalize

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3
Q

The number of family caregivers is estimated at 34 million. On average they
provide care for __ hours per week and for more than _ years

A

25

4

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4
Q

The average family caregiver is age __, female, married, and working outside the home

A

47.

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5
Q

Informal care giving saves the American health care system substantial dollars;
the value of such care is estimated at nearly $350 billion or nearly $7,000 per patient annually.

A

internalize

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6
Q

Caregivers are primarily adult children (41%), followed by partners or spouses (38.4%) and other family members or friends (20.4%)

A

internalize

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7
Q

Women form over 75% of family caregivers, and 50% of all women provide elder care at some point in the life course.

A

internalize

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8
Q

Among all types of caregivers, 36% are wives, 29% are daughters, 20% are other females (nieces, daughter-in-laws, and granddaughters), and the remainder are males

A

internalize

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9
Q

Women caregivers report higher levels of depression, anxiety, psychiatric
symptomology, and lower life satisfaction than their male counterparts.

A

.

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10
Q

Over 22% of those who care for older adults are themselves age 65 or older

A

.

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11
Q

Spouses who are primary caretakers perform 80% of all care tasks, spending
40 to 60 hours per week on personal care and household chores

A

.

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12
Q

Many caregivers are described as the “sandwich generation” because they
provide care to both their own children and their parents.

A

.

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13
Q
The average woman today can expect to spend more years caring for older
family members (18 years) compared to 17 years for her children
A

.

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14
Q

Almost 70% of adults with Alzheimer’s disease are cared for at home by family
for the entire duration of the disease.

A

.

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15
Q

Almost 66% of cases of elder abuse are committed by family members.

A

.

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16
Q

Increased supportive service availability does not in itself enhance the
caregiver or care recipient’s well-being. Most family caregivers do not use
these services.

A

.

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17
Q

Women and ethnic minority caregivers are the least likely to use formal
supportive services

A

.

18
Q

Turnover rate among direct care workers (e.g., nurse’s aides, personal
assistants, homecare workers, etc.) is high, with 90% replaced annually.

A

.

19
Q

The “Family and Medical Leave Act” of 1993 offers a job protection for workers
who take short-term leaves to care for a parent

A

.

20
Q

When eligibility criteria are applied, only about 40% of private sector
employees are eligible for leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act.

A

.

21
Q

In pre-industrial societies, most people died at home, with the entire
community often involved in rituals surrounding the death. Now,
approximately 80% of all deaths occur in institutions where aggressive
treatment is common, generally in hospitals and nursing homes, and with only
a few relatives and friends present.

A

.

22
Q

By accepting death’s inevitability, dying persons can live meaningfully and
productively and come to terms with who they really are

A

.

23
Q

The traditional problem-oriented model of health care that emphasizes lifeenhancing
therapies falls short in giving end-of-life care.

A

.

24
Q

Medical experts agree that at least 90% of all serious pain can be effectively
treated, yet at least 25% of dying patients receive inadequate pain medication

A

.

25
Q

The “Dying Person’s Bill of Rights” states that individuals have the right to
personal dignity and privacy; informed participation, including to have their
end-of-life choices respected by health care professionals; considerate,
respectful service; and competent care.

A

.

26
Q

Palliative care focuses on the relief of pain and other physical symptoms by
addressing the patient’s emotional, social, and spiritual needs

A

.

27
Q

Hospice care is dedicated to helping individuals who are beyond medicine’s
curative powers

A

.

28
Q

Hospice care is dedicated to helping individuals who are beyond medicine’s
curative powers

A

.

29
Q

Over 80% of Americans believe that terminally ill patients should be able to
make decisions about whether to be kept alive through medical interventions.

A

.

30
Q

Central to the debates on the right-to-die is the doctrine of informed consent,
which establishes a competent patient’s right to accept or refuse medical
treatment based on his or her understanding of the benefits and harms of that
treatment.

A

..

31
Q

Oregon and Washington are the only states that have legalized physicianassisted
suicide

A

.

32
Q

Those who argue against legalization of assisted suicide feel that a “right-todie”
could become a “duty-to-die.

A

.

33
Q

The most common type of an advanced directive is a living will.

A

.

34
Q

Among women age 65 and over, up to 70% are widowed

A

.

35
Q

The average duration of widowhood for women is 15 years compared with 6
years for men

A

.

36
Q

Older widowed men are 7 times more likely than older widows to remarry.

A

.

37
Q

• The greatest problem faced by widows and widowers is loneliness.

A

.

38
Q

Older widows are generally worse off than widowers in terms of finances,
years of education, legal problems, and prospects for remarriage.

A

.

39
Q

Widows who do not have their own friends or who only had couple-based
friendships before the husband’s death generally have difficulty forming new
friendships and developing satisfying roles

A

.

40
Q

Men, as compared to women, experience more medical problems and are at
greater risk of dying during the 6 months following their spouse’s death.

A

.