data collection methods

Question 1

measurement error

Answer 1

difference between what actually exists adn was is measured

Question 2

random error

Answer 2

measurements vary randomly; Ex: data collection is inconsistent

Question 3

strategies to decrease random error

Answer 3

taking repeated measurements, large sample size, and controlling extraneous variables

Question 4

systematic error

Answer 4

measurement are incorrect and follow a pattern; Ex: equipment issues

Question 5

strategies to decrease systematic error

Answer 5

routinely calibrating equipment, used controls, warming up instruments, comparing values against standards

Question 6

observation

Answer 6

used to collect data about behavior in natural or laboratory settings

Question 7

unstructured observation

Answer 7

participant observations, field notes and anecdotes

Question 8

structures observation

Answer 8

information given in advance to data collector about specific behaviors should be observed

Question 9

role of observer

Answer 9

concealment, intervention, participant

Question 10

advantages of observation

Answer 10

not costly, collecting data in real time, objective, less work for participants

Question 11

disadvantages of observation

Answer 11

time consuming, Hawthorne effect

Question 12

self-report

Answer 12

subjects respond directly to interview or questionnaire

Question 13

social desirability

Answer 13

subjects may respond in a way they believe is favorable

Question 14

respondent burden

Answer 14

may result in incomplete or incorrect data

Question 15

open ended questions

Answer 15

allow more varied responses

Question 16

closed ended questions

Answer 16

structured, simple, limited data

Question 17

interview advantages

Answer 17

higher response rate, appropriate barrier, interviewer controls order of question, more details can be collected

Question 18

interview disadvantages

Answer 18

labor intensive

Question 19

questionnaire advantages

Answer 19

less expensive, larger sample, can ask about more sensitive issues, eliminates interviewer bias

Question 20

questionnaire disadvantages

Answer 20

limit sample, reading level, font size, time for completion

Question 21

physiological measurement advantages

Answer 21

objective and accurate

Question 22

physiological measurement disadvantages

Answer 22

only looks at facts, limited, cost

Question 23

existing data

Answer 23

using data that is already there
Ex: EMR

Question 24

existing data advantages

Answer 24

less costly and less time consuming

Question 25

existing data disadvantages

Answer 25

only see what has been written, no flexibility, how recent, accuracy