Data and Database Fundamentals Flashcards
What data formats are commonly used in document databases?
JSON and XML
What is a primary key in a database?
A unique identifier for each record
Why is it important to back up personal data files?
They are difficult or impossible to recreate
What is non-structured data?
Data that doesn’t have a clear order or pattern
In a one-to-one relationship, how many records in one table are associated with records in another table?
One record in one table is associated with only one record in another table
What does a system backup usually involve?
Creating a fully bootable disk image
What is the main purpose of a physical data model?
To show how to set up a database using a specific database management system
What is a database schema?
The architecture of how a database is structured and organized
What is a report in a database?
A summary of data
Which type of data model includes primary keys and foreign keys?
Logical Data Model
Which type of database allows users to access it over the Internet?
Online database
What do we call the vertical columns in a database?
Fields
What should you do to test if your backups are working properly?
Check the backup media for errors
What is one downside of cloud backups?
They require a lot of network bandwidth.
What does RDBMS stand for?
Relational Database Management System
What does scalability in a database mean?
The ability to handle a large amount of data efficiently
What is a query in a database?
A request for data
What is a flat file system?
Another name for a spreadsheet.
What does a NOT NULL constraint do?
Ensures a field must have a value
What is a document database?
A type of non-relational database
What is a database schema?
The architecture of how a database is structured and organized
What data formats are commonly used in document databases?
JSON and XML
What does a conceptual data model focus on?
High-level ideas
What is the main purpose of a physical data model?
To show how to set up a database using a specific database management system
What is a key-value database?
A type of non-relational database
What is the name of the backup tool built into Apple’s operating system?
Time Machine
What is a good practice when performing a test restore of your backups?
Save the data to a different folder
What is a key benefit of using offline databases?
They reduce the risk of cyber attacks.
What type of database works best with semi-structured data?
Key/value pair database
What is Carbonite primarily used for in businesses?
Backing up files and folders automatically
What are data brokers?
Companies that collect and sell data
What is one advantage of databases in terms of data recovery?
Databases back up information within seconds.
Which of the following correctly defines a database record?
A collection of related fields in a row
What does a relationship in a database do?
Connects two entities
What is targeted marketing?
A method where companies show ads for things they think you’ll like based on the data they collect about you
Which type of database allows users to access it over the Internet?
Online database
What is an incremental backup?
A backup that saves only the files that have changed since the last backup
What is a common mistake people make when they think they are backing up their files?
Moving files instead of copying them
What type of relationship has one record with a primary key associated with multiple records in other tables with foreign keys?
B) One-to-many relationship
What is the main purpose of backing up data?
To have a copy of your data in case of an emergency
Which type of database is best for organizing semi-structured and unstructured data?
Non-relational Database
What type of files can a document database store?
Many different types of files
What is Carbonite primarily used for in businesses?
Backing up files and folders automatically
What can the value in a key-value pair be?
Any type of data
What does scalability in a database mean?
The ability to handle a large amount of data efficiently
Which backup tool is built into the Windows operating system?
Windows Backup
What is a key benefit of using offline databases?
They reduce the risk of cyber attacks.
Why is it easier to reinstall programs now compared to the past?
Programs are available online
What is another term for rows in a database?
Records
What is cloud storage?
Using space on another computer through the Internet
What is a report in a database?
A summary of data
What is the main purpose of a physical data model?
To show how to set up a database using a specific database management system
What happens when you delete an application from within Settings on a Windows computer?
It is permanently deleted.
What is a flat file system?
Another name for a spreadsheet.
What type of data is divided into clear, separate categories?
Structured data
Which type of database is best for organizing semi-structured and unstructured data?
Non-relational Database
Which type of data model includes primary keys and foreign keys?
Logical Data Model
What is a database?
A highly organized, multi-table digital storage system
Which type of data model is the simplest?
Conceptual Data Model
What type of data falls between organized and unorganized?
Semi-structured data
What is a relational database?
A database that keeps data in several connected tables.
Which type of data is best stored in a relational database?
Structured data
