4.Identify fundamental data types and their characteristics

Question 1

Char

Answer 1

A variable that stores a single character, which could be a digit, letter, or symbol. Examples include ‘7’, ‘X’, and ‘#’.

Question 2

String

Answer 2

A sequence of characters, like words or sentences. Examples include “Hello World,” “3.14,” and “555-1212.”

Question 3

Integers or int

Answer 3

Whole numbers like -7, 23, or 65536. An integer data type uses 1 to 8 bytes of computer storage. They don’t have a fraction or decimal place.

Question 4

Floating-point numbers

Answer 4

: Numbers that can have decimal fractions, like 4.1, 26.4, or 5.62. A floating-point number (or just “float”) uses between 4 and 8 bytes of storage. A float can also store whole numbers (like 4.0). You use a float when you need more precision.

Question 5

Fixed-point

Answer 5

Real numbers with a specific number of digits after the decimal point. They are common in financial calculations where accuracy is important, like $9.95.

Question 6

Double

Answer 6

Similar to a float, but a double variable can store larger and more precise float numbers.

Question 7

Boolean

Answer 7

Boolean operations follow a format similar to binary numbers, a system of one of two states. Their 1 or 0, however, represents either True or False.

Question 8

And

Answer 8

If both conditions are TRUE, the whole statement is considered TRUE.

Question 9

OR

Answer 9

If either condition is TRUE, the whole statement is also considered TRUE.

Question 10

XOR

Answer 10

If one condition is TRUE and the other condition is FALSE, the whole statement is considered TRUE. If both conditions are TRUE, the whole statement is considered FALSE. In other words, if the conditions are different from each other, this Boolean operator sees the statement as correct. If the conditions are the same (either TRUE-TRUE or FALSE-FALSE), then the statement is incorrect.

Question 11

NOT

Answer 11

The whole statement is not TRUE.

Question 12

&& (Logical AND)

Answer 12

If both conditions are TRUE, the whole statement is TRUE.

Question 13

|| (Logical OR

Answer 13

If either condition is TRUE, the whole statement is TRUE.

Question 14

^ (Logical XOR)

Answer 14

If one condition is TRUE and the other condition is FALSE, the whole statement is considered TRUE. If both conditions are TRUE, the whole statement is considered FALSE.

Question 15

! (Logical NOT

Answer 15

The whole statement is not TRUE.