Dale's Cone of Experience

Question 1

What is this type of learning called, “learning by doing?”

Answer 1

Experiential learning / action learning

Question 2

He introduced the Cone of Experience to illustrate the development of experiences, ranging from the very real to the extremely abstract.

Answer 2

Edgar Dale (1946)

Question 3

It aims to inform students that recall is influenced by how they encounter the material. According to Dale, lessons should draw on more real-life experiences to enhance learning. It charts the average retention rate for various teaching methods, with higher learning and increased knowledge retention as you move down.

Answer 3

Cone of Experience

Question 4

It serves as a tool for teachers to make informed choices regarding resources and activities.

Answer 4

Cone of Experience

Question 5

Strategies of action-learning result in the retention of up to ____ percent.

Answer 5

90%

Question 6

• Individuals learn better by using ____ types of learning.
• Perceptual types of learning are based on ____.

Answer 6

visual; feelings

Question 7

Edgar Dale‘s Cone of Experience gives the following interpretation:

1. Lower levels of the Cone involve the student as a ____ and encourage ____ learning.
2. ____ are remembered better than verbal propositions.
3. The upper levels of the Cone need more instructional support than lower levels.
4. ____ increases as we go up the Cone, and ____ increases as we go down the Cone.
5. Higher levels ____ information and provide data ____ for those who can process it.

Answer 7

Edgar Dale‘s Cone of Experience gives the following interpretation:

1. Lower levels of the Cone involve the student as a participant and encourage active learning.
2. Pictures are remembered better than verbal propositions.
3. The upper levels of the Cone need more instructional support than lower levels.
4. Abstractness increases as we go up the Cone, and conscreteness increases as we go down the Cone.
5. Higher levels compress information and provide data faster for those who can process it.

Question 8

What are the bands of experience in Dale’s Cone of Experience?

Answer 8

• Direct Purposeful Experience
• Contrived Experiences
• Dramatized Experiences
• Demonstrations
• Study Trips
• Exhibits
• Television and motion pictures
• Still, pictures, recordings, radio
• Visual symbols

Question 9

Experiences with maximum concreteness and minimal abstractness, gained through direct involvement, are purposeful for skill development. In teaching, real-life interactions, like handling actual objects and performing practical tasks, enable students to acquire essential skills. Examples include preparing meals, creating presentations, delivering speeches, conducting experiments, or building furniture.

Answer 9

Direct Purposeful Experience

Question 10

When direct observation is challenging, artificial stimuli, such as working models or specific laboratory experiments, serve as practical alternatives. Working models, including models, mock-ups, and experiments, allow for the deletion of unnecessary details, simplifying the learning process. For instance, the North American Aviation Co. used a mock-up of the Apollo spacecraft to research lunar flight challenges.

Answer 10

Contrived Experiences

Question 11

What are examples of Contrived Experiences?

Answer 11

• Model
• Mockup
• Specimen
• Object
• Simulation

Question 12

A replication in a small scale or a large scale or exact size of a real item- but made of synthetic materials.

It is a substitute for a real item that may or may not be operational.

Answer 12

Model

Question 13

It is an arrangement of a real device or associated devices displayed in such a way that representation of reality is created.

A unique model where the parts of a model are singled out, heightened and magnified to focus on that part or process under study.

Answer 13

Mockup

Example: Planetarium

Question 14

An individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc. It is used as an example of its species or type for scientific study or display.

An example is a product or piece of work, regarded as typical of its class or group—a sample for medical testing, especially of urine.

Answer 14

Specimen

Question 15

May also include artifacts displayed in a museum or objective displayed in exhibits or preserved insect specimens in science.

Answer 15

Object

Question 16

A representation of a real manageable event in which the learner is an active participant engage in learning behavior or in applying previously acquired skills or knowledge.

Answer 16

Simulation

Question 17

Active participation and role-playing in dramatic activities provide experiential learning. These activities, incorporating visual representation and role-playing, effectively depict historical or present events. Beneficial for subjects like history, political science, language, and literature, dramatization allows students to engage more directly compared to passive observation. Various forms of plays, including full-length plays, puppet shows, pageants, mime, tableau, dialogs, spot-spontaneous acting, and mock conventions, can be utilized. For instance, reliving the Philippine revolution by assuming character roles in a play enhances understanding.

Answer 17

Dramatized Experiences

Question 18

What are examples of Dramatized Experiences?

Answer 18

• Plays
• Pageants
• Pantomime
• Tableau
• Role-playing
• Puppets

Question 19

What are the types of Puppets?

Answer 19

• Shadow puppets
• Rod puppets
• Glove and finger puppets
• Marionettes

Question 20

Depict life, character, culture, or a combination of the three. They offer excellent opportunities to portray vividly essential ideas about life.

Answer 20

Plays

Question 21

They are usually community dramas that are based on local history. An example is a historical pageant that traces the growth of a school.

Answer 21

Pageants

Question 22

It is a “method of conveying a story by bodily gestures.” Pantomime’s impact on the audience rely on the actors’ movements.

Answer 22

Pantomime

Question 23

It is a picture-like scene composed of people against a background. It is an arrangement of people who do not move or speak, especially on a stage, who represents a view of life, an event, etc.

Answer 23

Tableau

Question 24

It is an unrehearsed, unprepared, and spontaneous dramatization of a situation where their roles absorb assigned participants. You pretend to be someone else or pretend to be in a particular position you are not really in at the moment.

Answer 24

Role-playing

Question 25

It is an inanimate object or representational figure animated or manipulated by an entertainer, who is called a puppeteer. They can present ideas with extreme simplicity.

Answer 25

Puppets

Question 26

Flat, black silhouette made from lightweight cardboard shown behind a screen.

Answer 26

Shadow puppets

Question 27

Flat, cut-out figures tacked to a stick with one or more movable parts, and are operated below the stage through wires or rods.

Answer 27

Rod puppets

Question 28

Make use of gloves in which small costumed figures are attached.

Answer 28

Glove-and-finger puppets

Question 29

A flexible, jointed puppet operated by strings or wires attached to a crossbar and maneuvered from directly above the stage.

Answer 29

Marionettes

Question 30

A visual depiction of a crucial reality or concept, students can observe processes through actual objects or models. Teachers may perform intricate procedures, transforming passive listeners into engaged learners. To enhance performance, teachers should involve students in the demonstration by asking and answering questions or helping them plan and execute it. For instance, a Physical Education teacher demonstrating the tango can actively engage the class in the process.

Answer 30

Demonstrations

Question 31

A planned off-site visit, such as tours, flights, hikes, or excursions, is an organized educational activity providing students with direct real-life experiences. It offers opportunities to learn principles, gain relevant information, knowledge, and skills while also providing entertainment. This approach brings the classroom into the community and integrates community concerns into the school environment.

Answer 31

Study Trips

Question 32

Bring the outside world into the classroom employing exhibits, the concrete representation of the things. The teacher can help the students by gaining useful experience through the observation and organization of educationally significant exhibitions. Exhibits are less real or direct in terms of providing direct practical experience. These may consist of meaningfully organized working models or photographs of templates, maps, and posters. Many of them are ―only for your eyes.‖ However, several shows provide interactive opportunities in which visitors can touch or manipulate the displayed models.

Answer 32

Exhibits

Question 33

They can so expertly recreate the history of the past, that we have to feel like we‘re there. The special meaning of the messages that film and television deliver lies in their sense of reality, their focus on individuals and personality, their organization presentation, and their ability to select, dramatize, highlight, and

Answer 33

Television and motion pictures

Question 34

This stage includes the number of devices that might be classified roughly as one-dimensional aids because they use only one sense organ that is either eye (seeing) or ear (hearing). All these materials are less direct than audio-visual experiences.

Answer 34

Still pictures, recordings, radio

Question 35

There are no longer practical reproductions of material objects, for such representations are incredibly abstract. Visible concepts that describe something intangible by association and something that reflects or stands for something else, usually by association or by way of definition of something abstract. It has a predictive framework that is interesting. This contains visual graphic resources such as charts, maps, diagrams, sketches, posters, comics, photos, drawings on blackboards, and illustrations. The visual symbols (free to use any language) form a primary contact language.

Answer 35

Visual symbols