Cytokines and chemokines Flashcards
Main producer: Macrophages
Acts on: lymphocytes
Effect: enhances responses
Main producer: keratinocytes
Acts on: liver
Effect: induces acute-phase protein secretion
It’s a cytokine of innate immunity
What is the cytokine?
IL-1
Main producer: macrophages
Acts on: lymphocytes
Effect: enhances responses
Main producer: dendritic cells
Acts on: liver
Effect: induces acute-phase protein secretion
What is the cytokine?
IL-6
Main producer:macrophges and dendritic cells
Acts on: phagocytes
Effect: chemoattractant for neutrophils
What is the cytokine?
IL-8 (CXCL8)
Main producer: macrophages and dendritic cells
Acts on: Naive T-cells
Effect: diverts immune response to Th1, pro-inflammatory, cytokine secretion
It’s a cytokine of innate immunity
What is the cytokine?
IL-12
Main producer: macrophages and dendritic cells
Acts on: Vascular endothelium
Effect: induces changes in vascular endothelium (expression of cell-adhesion molecules (E-selectin and P-selectin), changes in cell-cell junctions with increased fluid loss, local blood clotting)
It’s a cytokine of innate immunity
What is the cytokine?
TNF-alpha
Main producer: T-cells
Acts on: T cells
effect: proliferation, increased cytokine synthesis, potentiates Fas-mediated apoptosis, and promotes regulatory T cell development and survival
Main producer: T-cells
Acts on: NK cells
effect: proliferation and activation
Main producer: T-cells
Acts on: B cells
effect: proliferation and antibody synthesis (in vitro)
It’s a cytokine of adaptive immunity
What is the cytokine?
IL-2
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2) (mast cells lead to Th 2 differentiation)
Acts on: B cells
effect: Isotype switch to IgE
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2) (mast cells lead to Th 2 differentiation)
Acts on: T cells
effect: Th 2 differentiation and proliferation
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2) (mast cells lead to Th 2 differentiation)
Acts on: macrophages effect: inhibition of IFN-gamma mediated activation
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2) (mast cells lead to Th 2 differentiation)
Acts on: mast cells effect:proliferation (in vitro)
It’s a cytokine of adaptive immunity
What is the cytokine?
IL-4
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2)
Acts on: B cells
effect: proliferation, IgA production (in vitro)
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2) (mast cells lead to Th 2 differentiation)
Acts on: eosinophils
effect: activation and increased production
it’s a cytokine of adaptive immunity
What is the cytokine?
IL-5
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 1), CD8+ T cells (adaptive immunity) and NK cells (innate immunity)
Acts on: macrophages
effect: activation (increased microbicidal functions)
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 1), CD8+ T cells (adaptive immunity) and NK cells (innate immunity)
Acts on: B cells
effect: isotype switching to opsonizing and complement-fixing IgG subclasses
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 1), CD8+ T cells (adaptive immunity) and NK cells (innate immunity)
Acts on: T cells
effect: Th1 differentiation
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 1), CD8+ T cells (adaptive immunity) and NK cells (innate immunity)
Acts on: various cells
effect: increased expression of MHC I and MHC II It’s a cytokine of both innate and adaptive immunity.
What is the cytokine?
IFN-gamma
Main producer: T cells, macrophages, and other cell types
Acts on: B cells
effect:IgA production
What is the cytokine?
TGF-ß
Main producer: APCs (dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells) in response to Ag stimulation- leads to Th 1 cell differentiation
Acts on: T cells
effect: differentiation of naive T cells into Th0 which will further develop into Th 1 and Th 2 cells; stimulates the production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha from T and NK cells; and reduces IL-4 mediated suppression of IFN-gamma
What is the cytokine?
IL-12
Main producer: CD4+ T cells (Th 2), NKT cells, and mast cells cells
Acts on: B cells
effect: isotype switching to IgE
What is the cytokine?
IL-13
Main producer: T cells
Acts on: macrophages
effect: increased chemokine and cytokine
What is the cytokine?
IL-17
Main producer: monocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells
Receptors: CXCR 1 and CXCR 2
Cells attracted: neutrophils and naive T cells
effect: mobilizes, activates and degranulates neutrophils; and angiogenesis
What is the chemokine?
IL-8 (CXCL8)
Main producer: monocytes, T cells, mast cells, and fibroblasts
Receptors: CCR 1, CCR 3, and CCR 5
Cells attracted: monocytes, NK cells, T cells, basophils, and dendritic cells
effect: competes w/ HIV-1, antiviral defense, and promotes Th 1 immunity
What is the chemokine?
CCL3 (MIP-1alpha)
