Cytokines

Question 1

G-CSF

Answer 1

granulocyte colony stimulating factor

Question 2

cells that produce G-CSF

Answer 2

basic tissue cells
fibroblasts

Question 3

function of G-CSF

Answer 3

stimulates neutrophil production and their release into the blood

Question 4

IFN alpha

Answer 4

interferon alpha

Question 5

which cells make IFN alpha

Answer 5

infected cells
usually viruses

Question 6

what does IFN alpha do

Answer 6

increases anti-viral responses
increases MHC1 levels on cells
causes autocrine release of IFN beta

Question 7

IFN beta

Answer 7

interferon beta

Question 8

what cells make IFN beta

Answer 8

infected cells
usually viruses

Question 9

what does IFN beta do

Answer 9

increases anti-viral responses
increase MHC1 levels on cells

Question 10

IFN gamma

Answer 10

interferon gamma

Question 11

which cells make IFN gamma

Answer 11

T cells
normally Th1
NK cells
intraepithelial cells
lymphocytes in MALTs

Question 12

what does IFN gamma d o

Answer 12

activates macrophages
increases presentation of antigens on MHC2
induces class switching of B cells
suppresses th2 and Th17

Question 13

which cells make IL-1 beta

Answer 13

macrophages and epithelial cells

Question 14

function of IL-1 beta

Answer 14

pro inflammatory
fever
activation of vascular endothelium to allow immune cells into tissues
T cell activation
macrophage activation

Question 15

which cells produce IL-2

Answer 15

T cells

Question 16

function of IL-2

Answer 16

T cell growth factor
promotes T cell proliferation and effector function

Question 17

which cells produce IL-4

Answer 17

antigen presenting cells
Th2 cells

Question 18

what is the function of IL-4

Answer 18

causes differentiation of naive T cells into Th2
Th2 make IL-4 which cause class switching of B cells

Question 19

which cells produce IL-5

Answer 19

antigen presenting cells
Th2 cells

Question 20

function of IL-5

Answer 20

similar to IL-4
also produces eosinophils

Question 21

which cells produce IL-6

Answer 21

tissue clls
macrophages
endothelial cells
t cells
B cells

Question 22

function fo IL-6

Answer 22

pro inflammatory
fever
activation of vascular endothelium to recruit immune cells
acute phase protein production
generation of Th17 and follicular helper T cells from naive T cells

Question 23

which cells produce IL-8

Answer 23

macrophages
epithelial
other tissue cells

Question 24

function of IL-8

Answer 24

chemokine
attracts neutrophils into tissue

Question 25

which cells produce IL-10

Answer 25

antigen presenting cells T cells B cells

Question 26

function of IL-10

Answer 26

anti-inflammatory suppresses responses of immune cells by stopping other cytokine production induce naive T cells to become t reg cells

Question 27

which cells produce IL-12

Answer 27

antigen presenting cells

Question 28

function of IL-12

Answer 28

induces naive T cells to differentiate into Th1 which Make IFN gamma

Question 29

which cells produce IL-13

Answer 29

Th2

Question 30

function of IL-13

Answer 30

helps B cell differentiation inhibits macrophages and Th1 cells

Question 31

which cells produce IL-17

Answer 31

th17 cells

Question 32

function of IL-17

Answer 32

increases anti-microbial responses and proinflammatory cytokine production in tissues

Question 33

which cells produce IL-21

Answer 33

follicular helper T cells

Question 34

function of IL-21

Answer 34

maintaining germinal centre promoting lymphocyte proliferation encourage cells to become Th17

Question 35

which cells produce IL-22

Answer 35

Th17 cells

Question 36

function of IL-22

Answer 36

increases acute phase responses and pro inflammatory cytokine production in tissues

Question 37

which cells produce IL-23

Answer 37

antigen presenting cells

Question 38

function of IL-23

Answer 38

induces Th17 cell differentiation and proliferation

Question 39

which cells produce transforming growth factor beta

Answer 39

antigen presenting cells and T cells

Question 40

function of transforming growth factor beta

Answer 40

induces Th17 cells induces class switching to IgA

Question 41

which cells produce tumour necrosis factor alpha

Answer 41

macrophages NK cells T cells

Question 42

function of tumour necrosis factor alpha

Answer 42

pro inflammatory fever activation of vascular endothelium to allow immune cells into tissue