Cystitis Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms of Cystitis
A
- Dysuria (pain when urinating)
- Urinary frequency and urgency
- incomplete bladder emptying
- dark, cloudy, strong smelling
2
Q
Cystitis referral part 1
A
- women under 16 or over 70
- Men and children
- recurrent attacks (>2 episodes in 6 months)
(>3 in 1 year) - Duration of >48 hours
3
Q
Cystitis referral part 2
A
- severe symptoms (we only treat mild)
- lower back pain
- systemic symptoms (fever, nausea, vomiting)
- Haematuria
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
4
Q
Medications that can cause Cystitis
A
- Allopurinol
- Ciclophosphamide
5
Q
Patient groups that are predisposed to UTIs
A
- Diabetic
- Immunocompromised
- Pregnant (bacteria in urine can easily progress to kidney infection)
6
Q
OTC treatment for mild symptoms present for only <4 hours for 2 days only
A
- Potassium Citrate
- Sodium Citrate
Neutralises acidic urine to relieve dysuria
7
Q
What is potassium citrate contraindicated in
A
- hyperkalaemia
8
Q
What is sodium citrate contraindicated in
A
- hypertension
- heart disease
- pregnancy
- kidney disease
- salt restricted diet
9
Q
What do potassium citrate interact with to cause hyperkalaemia
A
- ACE Inhibitors
- Spironolactone
- Potassium sparing diuretics
10
Q
What do potassium citrate interact with to reduce its efficacy
A
- Lithium
11
Q
Cystitis Advice
A
- drink cranberry juice (interacts with warfarin, do not use in diabetes)
- drink a lot of water
- urinate after sexual intercourse
- wipe front to back after urination
12
Q
Cystitis Advice part 2
A
- fully empty bladder
- do not hold a urination
- avoid sperm killers
- avoid perfumes soap
- avoid douches
- wear cotton underwear
- avoid tight jeans and trousers
