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OMS > Cyst > Flashcards

Cyst Flashcards

1
Q

What are the clinical signs and symptoms of a cyst?

A
  1. Increase in size of jaw or alveolar bone
  2. Salty taste
  3. Unable to wear dentures
  4. Loose teeth
  5. Occlusal changes
  6. Delayed eruption
  7. Occasional pain and dysaesthesia
  8. Bluish swelling on alveolus, fluctuant, egg-shell cracking/ pingpong feeling
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1
Q

Radiographic feature of a cyst

A

Generally well-circumscribed/ovoid radiolucent area with a radiopaque margin

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2
Q

List some Developmental Cysts

A
  1. Dentigerous cyst
  2. Eruption cyst
  3. Odontogenic keratocyst
  4. Ortho-keratinised odontogenic cyst
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3
Q

List some Inflammatory cyst?

A
  1. Periapical radicular cyst
  2. Residual cyst
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4
Q

List a gingival cyst

A

Lateral periodontal cyst

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5
Q

List some non-odontogenic cysts

A
  1. Nasopalatine duct cyst
  2. Dermoid cyst
  3. Simple bone cyst
  4. Stafne bone cyst
  5. Mucous extravasation
  6. Mucous retention cyst
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6
Q

Etiology of a Periapical Cyst

A

Inflammation in the PA area increases keratinocyte growth factor leads to the proliferation of epithelium

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7
Q

Periapical cyst is always associated with?

A

a non-vital tooth

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8
Q

What are the components of a cyst?

A

Thick fibrous CT wall lined by epithelium. Wall sometimes show cholesterol clefts

Protein content of cyst high in cyst fluid

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9
Q

Etiology of buccal bifurcation cyst?

A

Buccal enamel extensions in the bifurcation area, predispose to pocket formation form which inflammation could lead to cystic formation

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10
Q

Buccal bifurcation cyst/Paradental cyst are usually seen in what age and teeth?

A

6-11 years, lower 6s

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11
Q

What is a residual cyst?

A

Inflammatory cyst that has persisted after its associated tooth has been lost.

Growth from a remnant of a periapical cyst

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12
Q

Lateral Periodontal Cyst is usually seen in what age and teeth?

A

50-70 years, mandibular premolar region

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13
Q

How do you treat a lateral periodontal cyst?

A

Careful enucleation

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14
Q

Etiology of a Dentigerous Cyst

A

Separation of follicle from the crown of an unerupted tooth

Most common developmental odontogenic cyst

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15
Q

What is an Odontogenic Keratocyst?

A

Aggressive cyst known for its rapid growth and tendency to invade adjacent tissue

16
Q

What is the age prevalence of Odontogenic Keratocyst?

A

10-40 years

17
Q

Where does the Odontogenic Keratocyst originate from?

A

Dental lamina

18
Q

Why is it difficult to enucleate an Odontogenic Keratocyst?

A

Thin friable lining and daughter cysts

Recurrence rate is 5-62%

19
Q

What are the components of an Odontogenic Keratocyst

A
  1. Stratified squamous epithelium 6-8 layers thick
  2. Cyst fluid creamy yellowish or serous-like
20
Q

How does an Odontogenic Keratocyst grow?

A

Grow in anterior-posterior direction within medulla

21
Q

What is a naso-labial cyst?

A

Rare developmental soft tissue cyst made of pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

22
Q

Nasolabial cyst can cause?

A

Nasal obstruction and denture wearing

23
Q

What is a nasopalatine cyst?

A

Most common non-odontogenic cyst that arise from remnants of nasopalatine duct

Made of cuboidal-columnar epithelium

24
Q

Nasopalatine duct cyst usually presents in which age?

A

40-60 years old

25
Q

What is a simple bone cyst?

A

Benign cyst is generally empty or some fluid. No epithelium

26
Q

What are the diagnostic tests done for a cyst?

A
  1. Aspiration of cyst fluid
  2. Biopsy of cyst lining
27
Q

How to do biopsy for a cyst?

A
  1. Determine whether lesion is solid or cystic
  2. If cyst is near the surface, excise an ellipse of tissue of oral mucosa + cyst lining
  3. If cyst in infra-bony, raise flap, remove window of bone take an ellipse of cyst lining
  4. If bone is thin, take wedge of bone and cyst lining
28
Q

Treatment of Cyst

A
  1. Surgical enucleation
  2. Enucleation with Carnoy’s solution
  3. Marsupialisation
  4. Marsupialisation followed by enucleation
  5. Osseous resection
  6. Endodontic management of periapical cyst
29
Q

What is surgical enucleation?

A

Total removal of a cystic lesion

30
Q

What are the grafting materials?

A
  1. Demineralised bone chips
  2. Mineralised bone chips
  3. Tri calcium phosphate
  4. Bovine hydroxyapatite
31
Q

What is the endodontic management for periapical cyst?

A

Followed up for at least 2 years. If no improvement, lesion must be biopsied

32
Q

What is Carnoy Solution made of?

A
  1. 3ml chloroform
  2. 6ml absolute alcohol
  3. 1ml glacial acetic acid
  4. 1gm ferric chloride
33
Q

What is the use of Carnoy Solution?

A

Complementary treatment after the conservative excision of OKC.

Promotes a superficial chemical necrosis and is intended to reduce recurrence rates.

34
Q

When is marsupialisation indicated?

A

Large cysts when enucleation will injure adjacent structures

35
Q

Management of Ameloblastoma?

A

Treatment by enucleation gives a recurrence rate of 30%

36
Q

Difference between cysts and odontogenic tumour

A
  1. Speed of growth
  2. Expansion of buccal and lingual cortical plates
  3. Erosion through cortical bone
  4. Erosion of adjacent teeth
  5. Radiographic patterns

OMS (6 decks)

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