CWTS - LESSON 3 Flashcards
According to the latest report of _________, the Philippines ranks 4th among countries hit by the highest number of disasters over the past 20 years.
UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)
According to the latest report of UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), the Philippines ranks ____ among countries hit by the highest number of disasters over the past 20 years.
4th
The country is also among the ______ with the highest absolute number of affected people (130 million).
TOP 10 COUNTRIES
Philippines, by virtue of location, climate, and
topography, is one of the most?
disaster prone countries in the world
The country comprises more than ____ islands, of which only about _______ are inhabited, leaving plenty of exposed coasts at the mercy of wind and rain.
7,107
2,000
The Philippines land area measures around?
299,764 kilometers
Philippines coastline is about ______, known to be one of the longest coastlines in the World ranking at the _____ spot!
36,000 kilometers
fourth
Each year, the Philippines gets an average of _______ crossing its area of responsibility due to the country’s?
20 typhoons
geographical and physical characteristics
Philippines is basically the world’s largest?
Archipelago
True or False: Philippines is located along the South Pacific Basin.
False (North)
What is the world’s most active typhoon belt?
North Pacific Basin
True or False: North Pacific Basin is where 80% of typhoons originated, an average of 20 to 30 typhoons per year.
False (75%)
True or False: Philippines is part of the Circum-Pacific seismic belt.
True
What are the two are responsible for creation of mountain ranges, islands, volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis?
Eurasian and Pacific Plates
True or False: The Philippines is in the Northern
Hemisphere, which is below the equator.
False (above)
What is the area near the equator where the winds trade meet?
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
What is the reason why strong swirling of wind
happens?
Trade winds flow in opposite direction
As a result of this ______ ______, frequent
natural disasters in the atmosphere and ocean
take place.
swirling movement
True or False: Philippines is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
True
True or False: Situated at the Pacific Ring of Fire, the most inactive area for tropical cyclones because of the vast expanse of deep, warm ocean water.
False (active)
True or False” It is true that the Philippines is belong to the countries that have the highest absolute number of affected people?
True
It aims to enforce the people’s constitutional rights to life and property by acknowledging the root causes of susceptibility to disastrous events, fostering the country’s capacity for disaster risk reduction and management, and establishing the resilience of local communities to disasters that are brought about by man and nature alike.
R.A. 10121 or the Philippines Disaster Risk Reduction and Management act of 2010.
It is the national guide on how sustainable
development can be achieved through
inclusive growth while building the adaptive
capacities of communities.
Disaster Risk Reduction ad Management (DRRM)
It increasing the resilience of vulnerable
sectors.
It increasing the resilience of vulnerable
sectors.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)
Optimizing disaster mitigation opportunities with the end in view of promoting people’s welfare and security towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable development.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)
What are the four distinct yet mutually reinforcing priority areas?
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Response
Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
Conduct of DRRM various research work.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Conduct of risk assessments.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Established institutional mechanisms for disaster response operations.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
c. Disaster Response
Conduct of post disaster assessments integration of DRR into post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation processes.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
Conduct of various capacity building activities.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Development of information, education and communication (IEC) materials.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Development and regular review of contingency plans.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Development of information and database generation Inclusion of DRRM into school curricula (especially in basic education)
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Existence of procedures on disaster communication.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
b. Disaster Preparedness
Development and establishment of several early warning systems.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Development of tools on risk assessment.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Increasing involvement of communities.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Improved skills in search, rescue and retrieval operations.
a. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
b. Disaster Preparedness
c. Disaster Response
d. Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
c. Disaster Response
It mandates that all heads of departments, bureaus, offices, agencies, instrumentalities and political sub-divisions of the government, including all corporations owned and controlled by the government, the armed forces, government hospitals and public educational institutions to establish their respective disaster control organizations.
Executive order No. 159, series of 1968
___________(as amended) which states that EACH AGENCY provide for the organization of disaster control groups/health safety committees in every place of employment and the conduct of periodic drills and exercises in workplaces.
Rule 1040 of the Occupational Safety and Health Standards
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own human resources.
Disaster
Disaster is a result of a combination of:
- Exposure to hazard
- Condition of vulnerability that are present
- Insufficient capacity or measure to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequence.
Event involving 100 or more persons, with 10 or more deaths.
Official Disaster Declaration or an Appeal for Assistance
Vulnerability + Hazard / Capacity = ?
Disaster
What are the affected components of disaster?
People
Building/ Infrastructure
Economy
Environment
Direct situations arising from the disaster itself.
Primary effect
Effects of Disaster
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Situation resulting from primary effect.
Secondary effect
Experienced as a disaster is taking place but can also be felt some time after the disaster has occured.
Tertiary effect
May also develop from primary and secondary effects that have become permanent and may change a natural process in the community.
Tertiary effect
E-
F-
F-
E-
C-
T-
Emotional aftershocks
Food scarcity
Forced to live elsewhere
Economy disruption and Environmental degradation
Catching diseases
Tertiary effect
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may causes loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage.
Hazard
What are the three (3) general classification of hazards?
- Natural hazards
- Quasi-natural hazards
- Technological (human-made) hazards
Hazards such as earthquakes or floods arise from purely natural processes in the environment. Inevitable
Natural hazards
Hazards such as smog or desertification that arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activity.
Quasi-natural hazards
Caused by factors that are generally traced as human errors, intent or negligence or glitches in technology.
Technological (human-made) hazards
True or False: Hazards may not necessarily lead to a disaster if a community has adequately prepared for it.
True
The disaster risk may be determined by two factors:
- Vulnerability
- Exposure of the community to the hazard
As the characters and circumstances of
elements at risk that make them susceptible to the aging effects of a hazard.
Vulnerability
If earthquakes are frequent in a particular region, it does not mean that all the provinces in that region are vulnerable.
Vulnerability as situation specific
The Vulnerability of the provinces differs in the way they prepare for the hazard and the amount and type of resources they have to prevent and manage it.
Vulnerability as situation specific
The community that is vulnerable to earthquakes does not necessarily mean that it is also vulnerable to typhoons. Again, hazards have different characteristics that influence the disasters that are likely to generate.
Vulnerability as hazard specific
True or False: If earthquakes are frequent in a particular region, it means that all the provinces in that region are vulnerable.
False (If earthquakes are frequent in a particular region, it does not mean that all the provinces in that region are vulnerable)
True or False: The Vulnerability of the provinces differs in the way they prepare for the hazard and the amount and type of resources they have to prevent and manage it.
True
True or False: The community that is vulnerable to earthquakes means that it is also vulnerable to typhoons.
False (The community that is vulnerable to earthquakes does not necessarily mean that it is also vulnerable to typhoons)
True or False: Hazards have different characteristics that influence the disasters that are likely to generate.
True
What are the factors to assess the level of VULNERABILITY of an area or community?
- Proximity to a hazard event.
- Population density near a hazard event.
- Capacity and efficiency to reduce disaster risk.
Example of proximity to a hazard event.
Philippines is along the Pacific Ring of Fire, and seismic related event.
Example of population density near a hazard event.
Congested slum area, and spread quickly and easily-space.
Example of capacity and efficiency to reduce disaster risk.
Accessibility and Availability
What are the four (4) reasons why certain sectors of society are more vulnerable to disasters than others?
- Demographic factors
- Socio-economic factors
- Community preparedness
- Dealing with after effects
Examples of demographic factors are:
Population density
Age of population
Distribution of population
Examples of socio-economic factors are:
Wealth
Education
Nature of society
Understanding to the area
Examples of community preparedness are:
Building codes
Scientific monitoring and early warning systems
Communication networks
Emergency planning
Examples of dealing with after effects are:
Insurance cover
Emergency personnel
Aid request
Interaction between exposure to natural hazards including the adverse effects of climate changes and the vulnerability of societies.
Risk
The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of its nature, construction and proximity to a hazardous area
Disaster risk
Potential of losing something of value.
Disaster risk
Physical health, social status, emotional well-being or financial wealth.
Value
It is expressed as the LIKELIHOOD of loss of life, injury or destruction and damage from a disaster in a given period of time.
Disaster risk
It is “the POTENTIAL LOSS of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and capacity”(UNDRR).
Disaster risk
True or False: Hazard risk results from the complex interaction between development processes that generate conditions of exposure, vulnerability and hazard.
False (Disaster risk)
It is therefore considered as the combination of the severity and frequency of a hazard, the numbers of people and assets exposed to the hazard, and their vulnerability to damage.
Disaster risk
It is disaster risk associated
with low-probability, high-impact events.
Intensive risk
Is associated with high-probability, low-impact events.
Extensive risk
It is used to describe the risk associated with low-severity, high-frequency events, mainly but not exclusively associated with highly localized hazards.
Extensive risk
It is used to describe the risk associated to high-severity, mid to low-frequency events, mainly associated with major hazards.
Intensive risk
These are variables that either aggravate or mitigate the effects of hazards, affecting the degree or scope of a disaster.
Disaster risk factors
What are the six (6) disaster risk factors?
- Physical factors
- Psychological factors
- Socio-cultural factors
- Economic Factors
- Political factors
- Biological factors
Tangible objects or infrastructure, like the availability of fire exits, or the sturdiness of the building, or the presence or absence of objects that can harm you or help you, etc.
Physical factors
Include state of mental capacity and health.
Psychological factors
Include religion, social status, traditions, perception by society, etc.
Socio-cultural factors
Include assets and liabilities, income, economic class, etc.
Economic factors
Include government structure, diplomatic issues, etc.
Political factors
Include flora and fauna in environment, health, diseases.
Biological factors
Dangerous phenomenon
Hazard
What are the five (5) that includes in exposure?
Structure
Population
Agriculture
Business
Assets
What are the six (6) that includes in vulnerability?
Physical
Social
Economic
Environmental
Coping capacity
Adaptive capacity
In the context of disaster risk, the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to RESIST, ABSORB, ACCOMMODATE, ADAPT TO, TRANSFORM and RECOVER FROM the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions through risk management.
Resilience
It is the ability of countries, communities and households to manage change, by MAINTAINING or TRANSFORMING living standards in the face of shocks or stresses— such as earthquakes, drought or violent conflict — without compromising their LONG-TERM PROSPECTS,” Department for International Development (DFID), UK Aid.
Disaster resilience
The ability of systems and places to MITIGATE THE RISK of, withstand, and QUICKLY RECOVER from EXTREME EVENTS.
Disaster resilience
It is is related to ‘capacity’ and ‘coping capacity’.
Resilience
It is the ability to flourish in the face of disaster risk.
Resilience
Strengths and resources available to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from disasters.
Capacity
The ability to face and manage disasters.
Coping capacity
True or False: The aim of resilience programming is, therefore, to ensure that shocks and stresses do not lead to a long-term downturn in development progress.
True
5 major requirements of being a disaster resilient society are the ability to:
- Anticipate risk
- Integrate sectors
- Prepare to adjust
- Include the most active
- Share and learn
Understand and assess risk.
a. Anticipate risk
b. Integrate sectors
c. Prepare to adjust
d. Include the most active
e. Share and learn
a. Anticipate risk
Promote greater dialogue and coordination across sectors and disciplines (e.g. climate change)
a. Anticipate risk
b. Integrate sectors
c. Prepare to adjust
d. Include the most active
e. Share and learn
b. Integrate sector
Use tools to support decision-making in
the face of the uncertainty of future risks (e.g. scientific models)
a. Anticipate risk
b. Integrate sectors
c. Prepare to adjust
d. Include the most active
e. Share and learn
c. Prepare to adjust
Manage risk across all levels, connect decision-making and consider the weakest part of the system. Small island developing states (SIDS) and low and middle-income countries continue to lack resilience to disaster risk.
a. Anticipate risk
b. Integrate sectors
c. Prepare to adjust
d. Include the most active
e. Share and learn
d. Include the most active
Improve people’s flexibility to deal with different challenges by making them better informed or experimenting with different approaches, enhancing understanding of risks and supporting flexibility.
a. Anticipate risk
b. Integrate sectors
c. Prepare to adjust
d. Include the most active
e. Share and learn
e. Share and learn
Which of the following are true?
A resilient approach to DRR includes:
I. Improving cooperation and harmonization of programming across sectors
II. Investing in proactive, shor-term projects that anticipate shocks, reduce risks and improve capacities to manage change
III. Aligning DRR with other risk-based interventions (i.e. conflict prevention or social protection, climate change adaptation, etc.)
II and III
When was the International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction started?
1989
International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction is held every?
October 13
The day celebrates how people and communities around the world are reducing their exposure to disasters and raising awareness about the importance of reining in the risks that they face.
International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction
National Disaster Resilience Month is held every?
July
True or False: National Disaster Consciousness Week was amended by Executive Order No. 139 dated August 10, 1999 and was observed as National Disaster Consciousness Month.
False (137)
This was to provide national government agencies and local government units ample time to implement their disaster awareness campaign with longer focus and on a comprehensive basis.
National Disaster Consciousness Week
This order renamed the National Disaster Consciousness Month to National Disaster Resilience Month, shifting its focus from disaster awareness building to disaster resilience. which emphasizes the need to understand disaster risk, investing in disaster risk reduction management, increasing disaster awareness programs, and enhancing community disaster preparedness for effective response.
Executive order No. 29, dated June 28, 2017
True or False: Government efforts and previous emergencies, hazards, and disasters have increased the awareness of the public on the importance of disaster risk reduction and management
True
True or False: There is no need to promote the significance of disaster resilience which pertains to the ability of individuals, communities, organizations, and states to adapt to and recover from the effects of hazards and disasters through effective risk management.
False (there is nee to promote the significance of disaster resilience)
True or False: Resilience is something we do and preparedness is something we are in any situation.
False (Preparedness is something we do and resilience is something we are in any situation.)
It is something we do.
Preparedness
It is something we are in any situation.
Resilience
It is defined as a state of readiness, this as something we do in order to reach our goal - being prepared.
Preparedness
It can be defined as “The ability to adapt to changing conditions and withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies”
Resilience
True or False: There is always something we should prepare for in order to make the event easier.
True
True or False: Preparedness is how we handle any challenges or obstacles that happen when something goes wrong within the event we planned.
False (Resilience)
True or False: Preparedness becomes a part of resilience.
True
True or False:
RESILIENCE: responding well to disruptive change.
RECOVERY: overcoming challenges, experimenting with new approaches, and regaining productivity.
True
Evidence has proven that harnessing women’s leadership, experience and knowledge into these efforts yields more _______
effective initiatives
True or False: “Due to the gendered dimensions of disaster risk, women and girls face greater vulnerability and exposure to disasters. “
True
True or False: “Women’s actual and potential contributions to DRR, including their leadership as first responders and their central role in community resilience, continue to be largely UNTAPPED assets in DRR, resilience, recovery and reconstruction strategies”.
True
True or False: “Women are not only victims, but they don’t have also driven power of changes, exclusive knowledge and skills that have crucial importance for providing solutions and managing risks”.
False
True or False: Disasters have had an impact on the lives of women all around the world. Generally women are looked at in disasters only as victims.
True
The central role of Women in facing the aftermath of disasters is totally?
Neglected
