CVS

Question 1

polycythemia

Answer 1

Blood viscosity (polycythemia).

Question 2

Creatine kinase (ck) or creatine phospho kinase (cpk)

Answer 2

CK is resides in the cytosol of cells (intracellular enzyme) and facilitates movement of high energy phosphates ATP into and out of mitochondria.

There are three cytoplasmic CK-isoenzymes; CK-MM, CK-MB, & CK-BB. In normal healthy subject, CK-MM accounts for 95 % of total CK, while CK-MB for less than 5 % & CK-BB for very small quantities of total CK and is normally undetectable in blood and till now is of no clinical value.

▲CK-MM 98% in skeletal Muscle (SM) & 2% in cardiac muscle (CM) ▲CK-MB 65% in SM & 35% in CM ▲CK-BB present predominantly in the brain and in the smooth muscles of the GIT and genital tracts, very small amounts of total CK-no clinical utility.

Question 3

Aldosterone

Answer 3

DescriptionAldosterone, the main mineralocorticoid hormone, is a steroid hormone produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland. It is essential for sodium conservation in the kidney, salivary glands, sweat glands and colon.