Cvs Flashcards
Statins mechanism of action
Hypolipidaemic drugs
HMG-Coa reductase inhibition (competitive)(rate limiting step)
HMG COa —> Mevalonate
Decreases cholesterol synthesis
Decrease VLDL and LDL and triglycerides
increase HDL
Prodrugs
Statins(hypolipidaemics)
Lovastatin,simvastatin
ADR of statins
Hepatotoxicity Increase transaminase levels Myopathy Rhabdomyolysis Increase creatinine kinase Git Headache Sleep disorders
Most potent statin
Pitavastatin
Statin + cyclosporin
Statin + erythromycin
Statin + azoles
Inhibit statin metabolism
Increase myopathy
Statins + fibrates
Increase rhabdomyolysis (myositis)
Decrease triglycerides
Decrease cholesterol
Fibrates + bile resins
Cholesterol Gallstones
Moa of fibrates hypolipidaemic
Activates PPAR-alpha
(Peroxisome proliferating-activated receptor alpha)
inhibits triglyceride synthesis
Moa of bile acid binding resins(hypolipidaemics)
Bind bile acids
Decreased absorption of bile from intestine
Cholesterol —> bile acids
Increase hepatic LDL receptors
Moa of niacin(hypolipidaemics)
Inhibits lipolysis
Increases lipoprotien lipase activity
ADR of niacin
Flushing Pruritis Dysepsia Peptic ulcer Hyperuricemia Hyperglycemia Atrial arrhythmia
Ezetimibe + statin
Synergistic
Decreased cholesterol absorption and synthesis
Hydralazine + nitrates
Chronic heart failure
Drug categories used for angina
Nitrates (nitroglycerin) Beta blockers (propranolol) Ca2+ channel blockers (Verapamil) K+ channel openers (nicorandil) Others
Hypolipidemic drugs used
HMG-Coa reductase inhibitors/Statins Fibrates/lipoprotien lipase activators Bile acid sequestrants Triglyceride synthesis inhibitors Sterol absorption inhibitors
Ankle edema is seen in which antianginal drug
Amlodipine(CCB)
Which CCB crosses BBB and sdlectively dilated the cerebral blood vessels
Nimodipine
Tt of
cerebral vasospasms
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Drug categories used as antihypertensives
Diuretics(furosemide)
Ace inhibitors(captopril)
Angiotensin receptor blockers(ARB)(losartan)
Direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren)
Beta blockers(propranolol)
Alpha blockers(prazosin)
Central sympatho ( clonidine, methyldopa)
Moa of ACE inhibitors
Arterial dilatation
Decreased sympathetic activity
Decreased Na+ H2O retention
ACE inhibitors + K+ sparing diuretics
Hyperkalemia
ACE inhibitors + lithium
Lithium Toxicity
ACE inhibitors + NSAIDs
PG synthesis
Na+- H2O retention
Thiazides + ACE inhibitors
Na+ levels maintained
Tt of Hypertension + Diabetes
ACE inhibitors
Reserpine MoA antihypertensive
Inhibit catecholamines release
Usage of monoamine oxidase
Hypertensive drug tt depends on factors such as
Comorbidity Associated complications Age Sex Cost Concomitant drugs
Drug used in hypertensive emergency
Sodium nitroprusside
Tt of angina + MI
Beta blockers
Drug induced SLE is seen in
Hydralazine(atrial dilator)
Isoniazid
