CVA - 3a Stroke Rehab Flashcards

1
Q

what are common BSF impairments of pts s/p

A

ms strength
control of voluntary movements
cardiovascular fitness
spasticity
sensation

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2
Q

what are the 3 approaches to PT interventions

A

restorative
preventative
compensatory

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3
Q

what is the restorative approach to PT

A

aimed at improving impairments, activity limitations, and participation
- tap into plasticity and motor learning

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4
Q

what is an appropriate approach to PT in the acute and subacute phases of recovery

A

restorative

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5
Q

what is the preventative approach to PT

A

aimed at minimizing potential complications and indirect impairments

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6
Q

what is the compensatory approach to PT

A

aimed at modifying task, activity, or environment to improve function

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7
Q

what type of approach to PT interventions are used in stroke rehab

A

flip b/w restorative and compensatory depending on pt goals and their CLOF

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8
Q

stroke recovery results from what 4 factors

A

recovery of ischemic penumbra
resolution of cerebral edema
neuroplasticity
rehabilitation

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9
Q

how does the resolution of cerebral edema result in stroke recovery

A

relieve pressure on other structures in brain
- recovery inc bc those structures are able to function

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10
Q

better outcomes for stroke recovery is associated with waht

A

early medical care
smaller strokes
specialized stroke care centers
early, intensive multidisciplinary rehab approach

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11
Q

what are specialized stroke care centers associated with

A

lower mortality rates
more functional independence 1yr post
more likely to be living at home 1yr post

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12
Q

why are specialized stroke care centers associated w better outcomes

A

providers specially trained and up to date on research

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13
Q

why is an early, intensive multidisciplinary rehab approach associated w better outcomes

A

high rep, high intensity principle of motor learning and neuroplasticity w recovery

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14
Q

what recovery pattern has a poor prognosis for motor recovery

A

no return 4wks post-stroke

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15
Q

what is the typical pattern of recovery

A

most recovery in 1st 6mo
- can cont w measurable gains thru chronic stages (>6mo)

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16
Q

what measurement tool can be used to predict recovery outcomes

A

NIHSS

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17
Q

what factors make recovery patterns variable

A

ischemic vs hemorrhagic
size of stroke
vessels affected
in evolution vs complete/stable

18
Q

what impairments have the greatest impact on functional performance

A

motor and perceptual (ie lateral neglect) impairments

19
Q

what are positive factors for prognosis

A

high motivation
stable supportive family
financial/rehab resources
health literacy
intensive training w repetitive practice

20
Q

why is intense rehab important in a good prognosis

A

tap into neuroplasticity

21
Q

what are mortality/poor predictors for prognosis

A

hx of past CVA
prolonged LOC
respiratory complications
- dysphagia
- aspiration
inc age
ICP -> herniation
size of lesion

22
Q

what is a depressed mood associated with in the prognosis

A

associated with disability but not mortality

23
Q

PT approach for acute phase

A

restorative > compensatory

24
Q

what are foci of PT in the acute phase

A

pt and family ed
prevention of secondary complications
positioning, splinting
manage impairments
early mobilization
dc planning

25
what are secondary complications to prevent in the acute phase
pain loss of ROM joint contractures skin integrity
26
what is the goal of positioning and splinting in the acute phase
prevention and optimize ability to function
27
how are impairments are managed in the acute phase
inc ROM improve strength postural control/balance cognition
28
what type of mobilization is done in the acute phase
early mobilization low intensity, monitor status closely
29
what is the avg acute care stay after a stroke
2-4days
30
what are the foci of PT in the subacute phase
pt and family goals max functional status/independence dc planning if in rehab equipment use community re-entry
31
what dc plan is done in the subacute phase if the pt is in a rehab
return to home community reintegration
32
what equipment is utilized in the subacute phase
DME orthotics splints, slings, gloves, etc.
33
what is considered in community re-entry in the sub acute phase
return to work rec activities
34
what are the goals of PT in the chronic phase
maintain/cont to improve: - ROM - strength - endurance - balance - functional mobility - independent participation in rec and work activities
35
what PT approach is utilized in the chronic phase
continue w restorative as able, but may transition to compensatory if plateau and not making gains - want to foster as much independence as possible
36
what are the foci PT in the chronic phase
community/rec activities HEP interventions - CIMT, bilateral training, VR, etc.
37
what is involved in the HEP in the chronic phase
exercise workload - inc appropriately health promotion fall prevention & safety
38
what is a traditional neuro rehab approach
NDT (Bobath) based on developmental sequence & hierarchal theories of motor control not supported well by evidence
39
what are contemporary neuro rehab approaches
task orientation retraining functional movement re-ed neuromuscular re-ed
40
how is a contemporary neuro rehab approach different from a traditional one
contemporary is more focused on evidence based concepts of motor control, motor learning, and neuroplasticity