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Neuro Rehab 2 > CVA - 2a Stroke Syndromes > Flashcards

CVA - 2a Stroke Syndromes Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 things that the severity of sx depend on

A
  1. location of ischemic process
  2. size of ischemic area
  3. nature and functions of structures involved
  4. availability of collateral blood flow
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2
Q

what are the functions of the occipital lobe

A

vision
understanding the image

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3
Q

what are the functions of the temporal lobe

A

short term memory
hearing
equilibrium
emotion

association areas in temporal lobe

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4
Q

what are the functions of the primary motor cortex

A

motor function area
initiation of voluntary movement

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5
Q

location and function of Broca’s area

A

frontal lobe
muscles of speech
- word retreival -> Broca’s aphasia have word finding difficulties when talking

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6
Q

which hemisphere of the brain is the dominant one

A

L brain

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7
Q

what are 4 specific qualities/functions of the L hemisphere

A
  1. speech, language, comprehension
    - wernicke’s and broca’s areas located on L
  2. analysis and calculations
  3. time and sequencing
  4. recognition of words, letters, and numbers
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8
Q

what are 4 specific qualities/functions of the R hemisphere

A
  1. creativity
  2. spatial ability
  3. context/perception
  4. recognition of faces, places, objects
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9
Q

what is located in both R and L frontal lobes

A
  1. motor
    - motor deficits, issues w initiation and motor planning (ie motor apraxia)
  2. initiation
  3. judgment
    - safety awareness
    - seen more frequently in R strokes
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10
Q

common R sided stroke characteristics

A

trouble w spatial abilities, perception of surroundings, insight, judgment

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11
Q

what is the blood supply of the frontal lobe

A

MCA - lateral aspect
ACA - medial aspect

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12
Q

what qualities are found in just the L frontal lobe and just the R frontal lobe

A

L side
- expressive language

R side
- emotions
- creativity

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13
Q

what function is located in both R and L parietal lobes

A

sensation
- primary sensory cortex

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14
Q

what is the blood supply of the parietal lobes

A

MCA - lateral aspect
ACA - medial

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15
Q

what qualities are found in just the L parietal lobe and just the R parietal lobe

A

L side:
issues w communication
- reading
- writing
- numbers

R side:
- visual perception
- spatial orientation - spatial planning and awareness
- ex: unilateral neglect (perceptual dysfunction)

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16
Q

what is the blood supply of the temporal lobe

A

MCA

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17
Q

what function is located in both R and L temporal lobes

A

hearing

18
Q

what qualities are found in just the L temporal lobe and just the R temporal lobe

A

L side:
- word memory
- language comprehension
- ex: wernicke’s aphasia

R side:
- music
- nonverbal memory (ie gestures)

19
Q

what is the blood supply for the occipital lobes

A

PCA

20
Q

what functions are located in both R and L occipital lobes

A

vision

no separate functions between lobes

21
Q

describe the presentation of someone w a L CVA

A

R hemiplegia
slow, cautious, uncertain
- d/t effects on initiation
insecure, frustration, anger
better insight
memory problems
aphasia
motor apraxia
R hemianopsia
communication issues

22
Q

PT strategies specific to a L CVA

A

give frequent assurance and immediate positive feedback
- break tasks down into steps and practice often

slow things down and be explicit w instructions
- get frustrated easily

23
Q

describe the presentation of a R CVA

A

L hemiplegia
quick ** impulsive**
poor insight/judgment
- overestimate abilities
denying problems
emotional lability
unilateral neglect
L hemianopsia
dec spatial orientation
apraxia

24
Q

PT strategies specific to R CVAs

A

concerned ab safety and fall risk
- cog skills lack judgment and poor attention span

impulsive and move quickly

25
Q

why do sx vary so much from human to human and what does this impact

A

wide variability in human vasculature and collateral flow
- can change extent and nature of effects from one person to another

26
Q

what impact can an infarcted area have on the brain as a whole

A

loss of input from infarcted area can impact other brain functions

27
Q

what are the stroke syndromes which occur in the cerebral hemispheres

A

supplied by carotid or ant circulation

  • ACA syndrome
  • MCA syndrome
  • ICA syndrome
28
Q

what are the stroke syndromes which occur in the brainstem and posterior hemisphere

A

supplied by vertebral basilar or posterior circulation

  • PCA syndrome
  • brainstem and cerebellar stroke syndrome
    —–> vertebrobasilar artery syndromes
29
Q

what are lacuna arteries

A

terminal branches of all cerebral circulation
- small arteries

30
Q

what are the 2 arterial sources from the aorta in the brain

A

internal carotid a.
vertebral a.

31
Q

what is the circle of willis

A

connects the 2 arterial sources from aorta (ICA and vertebral a.)

32
Q

what is the path for anterior circulation in the brain

A

ICA splits into ACA and MCA
- supply cerebral hemispheres

33
Q

what is the path for posterior circulation in the brain

A

union of the 2 vertebral arteries forms the basilar a.
- this splits into 2 PCAs

perfuses post and inf parts of cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem

34
Q

what part of the brain has a rich blood supply and yet is not typically involved in strokes

A

corpus callosum

35
Q

what is the blood supply of the corpus callosum

A

branches of ACA and PCA

36
Q

what does the MCA supply

A

lateral frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes

37
Q

what does the ACA supply

A

medial frontal and parietal lobes

38
Q

what does the PCA supply

A

post hemispheres of occipital lobe and brainstem

39
Q

which is larger: ACA or MCA

A

MCA > ACA

MCA perfuses entire lateral aspect of cerebral hemispheres except for occipital and subcortical structures

40
Q

describe the difference in a prox vs distal occlusion

A

prox - more significant extensive neuro damage

distal - less damage and better outcomes

41
Q

MCA vs ACA and the homunculus

A

ACA more medial - sensory and motor to LE

MCA more lateral - sensory and motor to UE and face

Neuro Rehab 2 (48 decks)

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