CV Tumors Flashcards
Most Heart tumors are…?
Metastases, not primary; lung, melanoma, breast, leukemia, lymphoma
What are the most primary heart neoplasms
Myxoma
Rhabdomyoma
What is the histology of myxoma
Myxoma cells embedded in abundant ground substance
What is carney syndrome
AD or AR disorder
Multiple myxomas - skin, heart, breast, etc
Spotty pigemntation
Endocrine overactivity
What is rhabdomyoma associated with
Tuberous sclerosis
What is the histology of rhabdomyoma
spider cells - myocytes w/ vacuolations
Multiple firm, white nodules
Rhabdomyoma gross appearance
Other primary heart neoplasms
Lipomas - asymptomatic; ball-valve effect
Papillary fibroelastmas - on valves; can emobilize
Angiosarcomas
What are the benign vascular neoplasms
Hemangioma
Glomus tumor
lymphangioma
bacillary angiomatosis
What are the intermediate vascular neoplasms
Kaposi’s
Hemangioendothelioma
What are the malignant vascular neoplasms
Angiosarcoma
Hemangiopericytoma
Types of hemangiomas
Strawberry/juvenile
Cherry/adult
Pyogenic granulomas
Cavernous hemangioma
What are pyogenic granulomas
hemangiomas that can bleed r ulcerate; seen w/ pregnancy or trauma
What are cystic hygromas
cavernous lymphangiomas; neck/axilla; infants/children; blood vessels devoid of blood
Seen in Turner syndrome
What causes bacillary angiomatosis
Bartonella infection - HIF-1 secretion leading to capillary proliferation
Types of Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Chronic - classic type; multiple red to purple skin nodules
Lymphadenopathic - African; very aggressive
Transplant - localized or widely metastatic; may not have cutanous lesions
AIDS-associated
Which virus is associated w/ Kaposi’s sarcoma
HHV-8; found in 95% of lesions
Morphology of Kaposi’s
spindle cells
Treatment of Kaposi
Resection/cryotherapy
Radiation
Chemotherapy
If related to immunosuprression; decrease suppression, angiogenesis inhibitors
Causes of angiosarcoma
Liver - arsenic, polyvinyl chlorid, thorotrast
Post-radial mastectomy
Post radiation
Angiosarcoma histology
Well differentiated - vascular channels
Less differentiated - spindle cells
Angiosarcoma prognosis
Poor - 5 year survival is 30%
Causes of lymphangiosarcoma
Radical mastectomy
Setting of lymphatic obstruction
