Customs / Roman Life Cards Set I Flashcards
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the prandium?
lunch
In Roman Culture, what was/were the insulae?
apartment buildings
In the Roman Baths (Thermae/Balneae), what was/were the palaestra?
exercise area
When were the kalends of any given month?
1st of the month
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the toga pulla?
worn by men in mourning (called sordidati)
What type of gladiator used a small round shield and a curved scimitar?
Thracian
In the Roman baths, what was the palaestra?
exercise area
What was a petasus?
broad-brimmed hat
In a Roman House, what was/were the cubiculum?
bedroom
In a Roman Army, what was/were the catapulta?
siege engine which hurled javelins
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the paterfamilias?
head of family (family includes wife, children, slaves and property)
In Roman Funerals, what was/were the conclamatio?
oldest son shakes father 3 times and calls his name
What type of soldiers were equites?
Cavalry
What role did praetors play in government?
Judges
In Roman Funerals, what was/were the columbarium?
underground chamber for urns holding the ashes of a cremated person
In a Roman Army, what was/were the centurio?
leader of a century
With respect to Roman marriage, what was a sponsalia?
betrothal/engagement
What name is given to the sand placed to absorb the blood from a gladiator match?
(h)arena
What type of gladiator rode in a chariot?
Essedarius
How many seats would each couch in a triclinium have?
3
What is the highest class in Rome?
Patricians/Optimates
In Roman Religion, what was/were the Pontifex Maximus?
chief priest, elected for life
In a Roman Army, what was/were the cornicen?
horn blower
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the petasus?
broad –brimmed hat
What unit of the Roman army is 6 times the size of a century?
cohort
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the patria potestas?
power (of life and death in early times) of paterfamilias over family
In a Roman Army, what was/were the signifier?
holder of standard (of a century or cohort)
In Chariot Racing, what was/were the carceres?
starting gates
What name is given to the wedding ceremony that involves a fictitious sale of the bride?
coemptio
In Chariot Racing, what was/were the factiones?
racing companies
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the stola?
women’s dress
What was a stola?
woman’s dress
In the Roman baths, what was the apodyterium?
dressing room
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the Samnites?
oblong shield, visored helmet, sword.
In the Roman army, what was the smallest unit of a legion?
century
In a Roman Army, what was/were the gladius?
sword
What office in Rome had the power to veto the senate?
Tribune
In Roman Funerals, what was/were the praeficae?
professional mourners
How often were quaestors elected?
Yearly
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the gladiator fights originally for?
funerals
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the toga praetexta?
worn by boys under 16 and magistrates (with purple stripe)
In Roman chariot racing, what was a quadriga?
4 horse chariot
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the mulsa?
fermented honey and water
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the ientaculum?
breakfast
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the acetum?
vinegar
In a Roman Army, what was/were the galea?
helmet (originally only made of leather)
In a Roman Wedding, what was/were the tunica recta?
white wedding dress
Who were the gods of the cupboards?
Penates
In a Roman house, what was the hortus?
regular garden
What three words did the Romans use for an appetizer?
gustatio, promulsis, antecena
What type of toga, so named for its bright white color, was worn by men running for office?
toga candida
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the toga pura?
same as toga virilis
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the palla?
women’s shawl
What was a lorica?
leather breastplate
In a Roman house, what were the imagines?
busts of ancestors housed in the alae
What type of gladiator, known as the “pursuer”, fought like a Samnite but without the neck protector?
Secutor
What did the Romans call their firemen/police?
vigiles
In a Roman Army, what was/were the hasta?
spear (used by triarii and hastati)
What’s the difference between premere pollicem and vertere pollicem
premere pollicem - to press the thumb against the forefinger - crowd wants to spare the gladiator
vertere pollicem - to turn the thumb towards the chest - crowd wants to kill the gladiator
In terms of Roman education, what was a paedagogus?
slave who carries books to and from school
In terms of Roman education, what a litterator?
elementary school teacher
In the Roman baths, what was the frigidarium?
cold bath
What was the editor munerum?
Giver of games
In a Roman House, what was/were the triclinium?
dining room
Who were the priests of Mars, so named for a type of jumping dance they performed?
Salii
What was a comissatio?
drinking party
What color faction is veneta?
Blue
What was subligaculum?
Underwear
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the toga virilis?
all white - worn by men over 1
What name is given to a gladiator trainer?
lanista
What name was given to the lightweight, 2-wheeled vehicle?
cisium
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the pileus?
cap of freedom
In the Roman Baths (Thermae/Balneae), what was/were the apodyterium?
dressing room
What name is given to the comfortable and large 4-wheeled carriage?
raeda
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the Myrmillones?
fought with helmet, oblong shield, sword, fish crest on helmet. Usually fought the retiarius or Thracians.
In the Roman Baths (Thermae/Balneae), what was/were the strigil?
scraper
In a Roman School, what was/were the paedagogus?
slave who carries books to school
In a Roman Wedding, what was/were the deductio?
procession of wedding party to forum
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the secunda mensa?
dessert
What type of Roman marriage ceremony, named for the spelt on the cake, is primarily for the upper class?
confarreatio
At a Roman funeral, what name is given to the underground chamber for urns holding the ashes of a cremated person?
columbarium
What name is given to the holder of the standard of a century or cohort?
signifer
In a Roman Army, what was/were the optio?
2nd in command to a centurio
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the naumachiae?
mock naval battles - they flooded the arena
In Roman Religion, what was/were the Lararium?
shrine for Lares
In what year were gladiator fights first brought to Rome from the Etruscans?
264 BC
How often and for how long were censors elected?
Every 5 years for 18 months
What were caligae?
boots
How many praetors were elected yearly?
8
In Chariot Racing, what was/were the circus maximus is between which two hills?
the Palatine and Aventine hills
What did the Romans call a wedding dress?
tunica recta
What color faction is russata?
Red
In Roman chariot racing, what is the term for the starting gates?
carceres
With respect to Roman marriage, what was a pronuba?
Matron of honor
In a Roman Army, what was/were the scutum?
shield
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the tribune?
10 elected yearly - only plebeians can run - can veto the senate
In Chariot Racing, what was/were the longest lasting factiones?
blue, green
To whom would a Roman woman dedicate her bulla on the eve of her wedding?
Lares
What name is given to the soldier who holds the eagle standard of a legion?
aquilifer
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the vertere pollicem?
turning the thumb upwards or towards the chest - to signify the death stroke
In Chariot Racing, what was/were the metae?
turning posts
What name is given to the horn blower of a Roman army?
cornicen
In Roman chariot racing, what was a biga?
2 horse chariot
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the censor?
2 elected every five years for 18 months - in charge of taking the census and public morals
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the praetor?
judges (8 elected yearly)
In Roman Clothing, what was/were the bulla?
child’s good luck charm
In a Roman Army, what was/were the toga picta?
worn by victorious generals
In a Roman Meal, what was/were the rex bibendi?
master of the drinking (he decides the games, etc.)
What color faction is albata?
white
What’s the Ancient Roman equivalent to fast food?
thermopolium
What is the business class in Rome?
Equites
In a Roman Army, what was/were the scorpio?
dart thrower (standing crossbow used by one man)
What type of gladiator was armed with a lasso and a curved piece of wood?
Laquearius
At a Roman funeral, what name was given to the dirges?
neniae
What was a bulla?
child’s good luck charm
In the Roman baths, what was a natatio?
swimming pool
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the cursus honorum?
course of honors - steps you take to make it to the highest jobs (from bottom to top - quaestor, praetor, consul)
What name is given to the power of the paterfamilias over their family?
patria potestas
In a Roman house, what was the tablinum?
master’s office
What were soleae?
indoor sandals
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the Essedarii?
rode chariots with 2 horses.
In a Roman house, what were the alae?
wings (hallways) off of the atrium?
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the Secutores?
“pursuers” - like Samnite but without the neck protector
How often were praetors elected?
Yearly
With respect to Roman naming, what was the name for branch of family?
cognomen
What is the lower class in Rome?
Plebeians/Populares
How many people could be held in the Circus Maximus
250,000
In a Roman Wedding, what would a girl do the night before wedding?
a girl would dedicate her bulla to the Lares
In Roman Religion, what was/were the haruspex?
checks guts of animals for omens (2 hearts are bad…)
What was a pilum?
javelin
What was the maximum time a dictator could normally serve?
6 months
What name is given to the leader of a century?
Centurio
In a Roman Wedding, what was/were the coemptio?
fictitious sale of the bride
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the rudis?
wooden sword given to gladiators on their retirement.
In Roman chariot racing, which two factiones were the longest lasting?
blue and green
How many tribunes were elected yearly?
10
How many quaestors are elected yearly?
20
What were calcei?
outdoor shoes
In a Roman House, what was/were the alae?
wings off atrium
In Gladiator Games, what was/were the Hoplomachi?
full-armed with a breast-plate and visored helmet.
What did the Romans call one successfully completed lap in chariot racing?
curriculum
What name is given to the procession of the wedding party to the forum?
deductio
In Roman Religion, what was/were the Salii?
priests of Mars
What term is given to the Roman baths?
thermae/balneae
In a Roman Army, what was/were the ballista?
dart or stone throwing siege engine, larger than a scorpio
In Roman Religion, what was/were the Lares?
household gods
At a Roman funeral, what name is given to a stone coffin?
sarcophagus
In the Roman Government/social structure, what was/were the aedile?
in charge of roads and public games (4 elected yearly)
What was the name of a client’s visit to a patron’s house?
Salutatio
In a Roman Army, what was/were the sarcina?
soldier’s cloak/blanket
What kind of military weapon was a scorpio?
Dart thrower (standing crossbow used by one man)
In a Roman Wedding, what was/were the pronuba?
matron of honor
In Roman Culture, what was/were the cloaca maxima?
great sewer
For most months, what day were the Ides?
13th
In Roman Names, what was/were the praenomen?
first name
In Roman Vehicles, what was/were the lectica?
litter (carried by 4 slaves)
What type of gladiator were heavily armed but had to fight without their vision?
Andabata
What was mustum?
grape juice
