Current Biodiversity (part 4)

Question 1

what does segmentation allow?

Answer 1

increased size (“copy”/”paste”), increased diversity

Question 2

what does a complete gut allow?

Answer 2

increased size; can eat and digest at the same time

Question 3

what does vascularization allow for?

Answer 3

bigger bc of closed circulation and have a delivery system (instead of diffusion), increased size, decreased predation, move more efficiently

Question 4

chaetae

Answer 4

bristles on annelids that allow for defense, sensory, movement

Question 5

what are chaetae made of?

Answer 5

chitin

Question 6

protostomia

Answer 6

develop mouth 1st
- annelids and platyhelminthes

Question 7

deuterostomia

Answer 7

develop anus 1st
- animals w/ spines

Question 8

most diverse phyla

Answer 8

arthropods (insects)

Question 9

2nd most diverse phyla

Answer 9

mollusca

Question 10

“pen”

Answer 10

internal shell (squids and octopi)

Question 11

radula

Answer 11

allow for feeding; sand-paper texture, scrape w/ sharp tongue (algae, etc.)

Question 12

gills allow for… and folds in gills allow for…

Answer 12

• better gas exchange
• increased surface area = increased exchange

Question 13

Mollusca is more closely related to ___ than to platyhelminthes bc…

Answer 13

annelids bc… molluscas and annelids have coelems

Question 14

modular body plan

Answer 14

generalized body plan w/ some diferences

Question 15

chromatophores

Answer 15

allow for squids/octopi to change color/texture

Question 16

cephalopods have the unique ability to…

Answer 16

change appearance (color/texture) in response to vibrations/external stimuli; allows them to camouflage

Question 17

the most diverse phyla of animals is…

Answer 17

arthropoda

Question 18

arthropods account for about __% of all known species

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

arthropods are the first to use the biome/ecosytem of…

Answer 19

air

Question 20

difference between tagmatization and segmentation

Answer 20

tagmatization includes specialized segments w/ functional groups (not just all the same segments repeated)

Question 21

arthropods skeletons are made from

Answer 21

chitin and protein

Question 22

arthropods have the first __ (anatomical thing)

Answer 22

respiratory lungs

Question 23

what is the benefit of having different life stages?

Answer 23

reduces (infraspecific) competition between offspring/parents bc at diff life stages they have diff environments/food

Question 24

ecdysis

Answer 24

shedding of outer layer/molting

Question 25

cons of molting

Answer 25

exposes soft skeleton for a few days which can cause increased predation and limits size

Question 26

the only phyla of deuterostomes is…

Answer 26

chordata

Question 27

amniotic egg

Answer 27

lay egg on land

Question 28

monotremes

Answer 28

egg-laying mammals; echnidas and platypuses

Question 29

marsupials

Answer 29

grow babies in pouches/develop after birth

Question 30

placentals

Answer 30

giving birth to more developed offspring (most mammals)