Culture ( II )- Culture and Domination

Question 1

Authority

Answer 1

the ability to have others obey you

Question 2

traditional authority

Answer 2

followers obey because of long-established cultural prestige of role

Question 3

charismatic authority

Answer 3

followers obey due to personal magnetism of inspirational leader

Question 4

Rational-legal authority

Answer 4

leader chosen in legally-defined process

Question 5

Dominant ideology

Answer 5

system of values, beliefs and practices that justify and support existing social systems, and defend the authority of this within power within it

Question 6

hegemony

Answer 6

Gramsci’s term for the intellectual and ideological control of society by the dominant class

Question 7

Antonio Gramsci

Answer 7

suggests using class maintains dominance through control intellectuals

Question 8

collective Consciousness

Answer 8

the whole collection of values, beliefs, ideas that the vast majority of people in a society assume to be extremely wrong

Question 9

solidarity

Answer 9

the ‘force’ that holds us all together in society, bringing people together as something more than just a crowd of individuals

Question 10

encoding

Answer 10

hiding messages about normal model of society within cultural items

Question 11

decoding

Answer 11

how we understand messages

Question 12

dominant culture

Answer 12

the values, norms and beliefs and ways of behaving of the ruling group in society

Question 13

Bechdel test

Answer 13

Alison Bechdel’s measure of female presence in major Hollywood movies

Question 14

the external feminine

Answer 14

the supposed mysterious ‘essence’ of women, often referred to by poets, artists and novelists

Question 15

orientalism

Answer 15

Said’s term describing the way white europeans saw rest of the world as mysterious primitive

Question 16

Alterity

Answer 16

how one (dominant) group depicts another as somehow different from norm or less than human

Question 17

conspicuous consumption

Answer 17

the practice of buying expensive, showy products in order to demonstrate your status and power to others

Question 18

capital

Answer 18

a resource you invest in order to get more of it back

Question 19

Economic capital

Answer 19

Invest money in order to increase wealth

Question 20

Cultural Capital

Answer 20

stock of knowledge; to assert status and try to increase it

Question 21

Social capital

Answer 21

useful contacts; using them to meet others, who are in contact with themselves

Question 22

Habitus

Answer 22

deeply-ingrained habits, customs, ways of behaving or caring self, learnt as a child

Question 23

Production of culture perspectives

Answer 23

examination of cultural or artistic objects through the socioeconomic circumstances they were produced in

Question 24

culture industry

Answer 24

Adorno and Horkheimer’s term for the modern entertainment industry which produces arts on a production line