Culture chapter 4

Question 1

describes a particular society’s entire way of living, encompassing shared patterns of belief, feeling , and knowledge that guide people’s conduct and are passed down from generation to generation.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

relates to people who identify with each other because of a shared heritage.

Answer 2

ethnicity

Question 3

refers to the innate tendency to own space The need is only met if the individual has control of a space, can establish rules for that space, and can defend the space against invasion or misuse of others.

Answer 3

territoriality

Question 4

refers to the number of people within a given environmental space, can influence interpersonal interaction.

Answer 4

Density

Question 5

the means by which various cultures use space to communicate.

Answer 5

Distance

Question 6

Minorities living within a dominant group lose the characteristics that made them different. It involves acquiring knowledge and internalizing values.

Answer 6

Cultural assimilation (acculturation)

Question 7

The feelings a person experiences when placed in a different culture

Answer 7

Culture shock

Question 8

• Value territory and personal space
• Since technology became widespread less emphasis is on cohesiveness of family.
• high divorce rate
• punctual
• fast paced lifestyle

Answer 8

Northern European Americans

Question 9

• Smaller sense of personal space
• family oriented
• may not visit a doctor, but could believe in folk medicine
• unlikely to value punctuality and time
• more prone to HTN, sickle cell, diabetes, and alcohol

Answer 9

African Americans

Question 10

• View touch as aggressive( no handshakes, they do not touch dead person)
• Traditions are passed down
• very present-time oriented, they do not focus on the future.
• time is casual
• They use a shaman
• Risks of illness includes alcoholism, diabetes, TB,heart disease, pneumonia, suicide, influenza.
• Eat mostly meat and corn

Answer 10

Native Americans

Question 11

the pioneer of transcultural or cross-cultural nursing

Answer 11

Madeleine Leininger

Question 12

“A formal area of study and practice in nursing focused upon comparative holistic cultural care, health, and illness patterns of individuals and groups with respect to differences and similarities in cultural values, beliefs, and practices with the goal to provide culturally congruent, sensitive, and competent nursing care to people of diverse cultures

Answer 12

Transcultural Nursing

Question 13

• Touching is unacceptable
• down casting of eyes is a sign of respect
• personal and social spaces are larger than Americans
• loyalty is to the family
• Misbehavior is dishonor to the family
• Some believe in yin and yang
• Obesity is uncommon
• Milk is seldom consumed
• risk of alcohol dependance is low ( drinking causes unpleasant symptoms in some people)

Answer 13

Asian/ Pacific Islander Americans

Question 14

• Touch is a common form of communication
• very group oriented
• typically Catholic
• male dominated
• present-oriented
• Curandero or Curandera ( folk healer)
• not as likely to complain about pain

Answer 14

Latino Americans

Question 15

• Very food oriented
• warm and affectionate people
• family oriented
• Man is head of household, Mother is homemaker
• The elderly are respected are are cared for by the family instead of put in nursing home

Answer 15

Western European Americans

Question 16

• Do not allow male HCP to touch certain parts of females
• Direct eye contact is impolite and aggressive
• punctuality is not taken seriously except for business
• Men are dominate and women are subordinate
• GI problems are common
• Eating and drinking at the same time is considered unhealthy
• daily prayers are important

Answer 16

Arab Americans

Question 17

• Believe in the torah
• many hold advanced degrees
• very health conscious
• circumsized on the 8th day of life
• Tay-Sach’s disease, Gaucher’s disease, and familial dysautonomia, IBD, colorectal cancer, breast, and ovarian cancer, agranulocytosis
• high rate of SE of anti-psychotic clozapine
• Only eat meat that has been slaughtered in a kosher manner
• Can’t eat meat and dairy together

Answer 17

Jewish Americans

Question 18

• Develop cultural self-awareness
• Develop cultural knowledge
• Accommodate cultural practices in healthcare
• Respect culturally based family roles
• Avoid mandating change
• Seek cultural assistance

Answer 18

Guidelines to Providing Cultural Competent Care

Question 19

the human quality that gives meaning and sense of purpose to an individual’s existence. Serves as a force for interconnectedness between the self and others, the environment, and higher power.

Answer 19

spirituality

Question 20

• Health care provider should face patient
• Direct questions to patient
• Ask one question at a time, keeping it simple, short, and using specific words
• Watch patient body language
• Interpreter sits beside or behind the health care provider
• IMP: even thought the interpreter is translating the questions, the healthcare provider is obtaining the information

Answer 20

Communication and interpreters

Question 21

the acceptance of a belief in the absence of physical or empirical evidence.

Answer 21

faith

Question 22

a special kind of positive expectation

Answer 22

hope

Question 23

a projection of one’s own good feelings onto others

Answer 23

love