Chapter 1 Stress

Question 1

A biological, psychological, social, or chemical factor that causes physical or emotional tension, and may be a factor in the etiology of certain illnesses.

Answer 1

Stressor

Question 2

consists of three stages that describes the general reaction of the body to stress.
1 .Alarm reaction stage
2. Stage of resistance
3. Stage of exhaustion

Answer 2

general adaptation syndrome

Question 3

during this stage, the physiological responses of the “fight or flight syndrome” are initiated.

Answer 3

Alarm reaction stage

Question 4

The individual uses the physiological responses of the first stage as a defense in the attempt to adapt to the stressor. If adaptation occurs, the third stage is prevented or delayed. Physiological symptoms may disappear.

Answer 4

Stage of resistance

Question 5

This stage occurs when there is a prolonged exposure to the stressor to which the body has become depleted, and the individual can no longer draw from the resources for adaptation. Physical symptoms may appear( headaches, ulcers, CAD, etc.)

Answer 5

Stage of exhaustion

Question 6

said to occur when an individual’s physical or behavioral response to any change in his or her internal or external environment results in preservation of individual integrity or timely return to equilibrium.

Answer 6

adaptation

Question 7

a stimulus arising from the internal or external environment and is perceived by the individual in a specific manner.

Answer 7

precipitating event

Question 8

an individual’s evaluation of the personal significance of the event or occurrence.

Answer 8

cognitive appraisal

Question 9

consists of a primary appraisal and a secondary appraisal.

Answer 9

cognitive response

Question 10

There are three different types of appraisal: irrelevant, benign-positive, and stressful

Answer 10

primary appraisal

Question 11

is an assessment of skills, resources, and knowledge that the person possesses to deal with the situation.

Answer 11

secondary appraisal

Question 12

these factors strongly influence whether the response is adaptive or maladaptive. They include genetic influences, past experiences, and existing conditions.

Answer 12

predisposing factors

Question 13

occurs when an individual’s physical or behavioral response to any change in his or her internal or external environment results in disruption of individual integrity or in persistent disequilibrium.

Answer 13

Maladaption

Question 14

These strategies are used to manage stress they include awareness, relaxation, meditation, interpersonal communication, problem solving, pets, and music

Answer 14

adaptive coping strategies

Question 15

the two major psychological responses to stress

Answer 15

anxiety and grief