Culture And Diversity

Question 1

Ethnocentrism

Answer 1

Belief that one’s approaches are the best, superior or the preferred ways to act, believe, behave

Question 2

Which cultures view food as either “hot” or “cold”?

Answer 2

Hispanic, Filipino, Chinese and Arab cultures

Question 3

Cultural blindness

Answer 3

Ignores differences in culture

Question 4

Transcultural nursing

Answer 4

Providing care within differences and similarities of beliefs and values.

Leininger developed theory of culture care- diversity and universality.

Question 5

Acculturation

Answer 5

Also know as cultural assimilation.
When a minority group lives within a dominant group they tend to take on the culture characteristics of the dominant group.
The dominant group can also take on some cultural characteristics of the minority.

Question 6

2 different mnemonics to remember cultural competency skills:

Answer 6

A: awareness of culture
S: skills in collecting relevant cultural data
K: knowledge of differences and similarities
E: encounters- do’s and don’t’s
D: desire to be culturally competent

B: barriers(prejudices, SES)
E: ethics 
S:sensitivity 
A:assessment of culture affecting health
F: facts
E: encounters

Question 7

SES

Answer 7

Social economic status

Question 8

Difference between translator and interpreter

Answer 8

Translator: only translates words

Interpreter: provides meaning behind words

Question 9

Possible African American cultural communication differences:
(4)

Answer 9

Head nodding doesn’t always mean agreement.

Prolonged eye contact may be considered rude or aggressive.

Nonverbal communication is important.

Personal questions asked on initial interview may seem intrusive.

Question 10

Possible African American cultural time orientation and personal space differences:
(3)

Answer 10

Time orientation varies with age and socioeconomic.

May be late if relationship or event is deemed more important than being on time.

Comfortable with close personal space if with family and friends.

Question 11

7 health risks associated with African Americans.

Answer 11

Sickle cell anemia
Hypertension 
Heart disease 
Cancer
Lactose intolerance
Diabetes
Obesity

Question 12

Recommended interventions for African Americans.

Answer 12

Assess nonverbal behavior.

Be flexible and avoid rigidity in scheduling.

Encourage family involvement.

Alternative modes of healing include herbs, prayer and laying on hands.

Question 13

Amish

Answer 13

Fewer health risk factors than general public d/t manual labor and diet.
Certain genetic risks though because of intermarriage.
Usually speak German and English.
Patriarchal society.
Need permission to be hospitalized by church because they will need help to pay for it.

Question 14

Interventions to considered with Amish

Answer 14

Speak to both husband and wife regarding health care decisions.

Health instructions in clear simple instructions.

Teaching focused on health implications associated with non-immunization, intermarriage, and sexual abuse.

Question 15

What is the REACH initiative?

Answer 15

Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health.

Initiative of the CDC -it includes six core health areas:
infant mortality,
Deficits in breast and cervical cancer screening ,
cardiovascular diseases,
diabetes,
HIV,
immunizations for children and adults

Question 16

Difference between:
cultural sensitivity, 
cultural appropriateness, 
cultural competence and 
definition of professional nursing care

Answer 16

cultural sensitivity- Possess some basic knowledge of and constructive attitudes towards health traditions

cultural appropriateness- Understand and attend to the total context of the client situation using knowledge skills and attitudes

cultural competence- Having underlying background knowledge that will provide clients with the best possible healthcare

definition of professional nursing care- Strive for cultural sensitivity, culture appropriateness, and cultural competence

Question 17

Who came up with transcultural nursing and what is it?

Answer 17

Madeline Leininger

Formal area of study and practice focused on comparative human care differences and similarities. Provide culturally congruent, meaningful and beneficial healthcare to people.

Question 18

What is biculture?

Answer 18

Describes a person who has a dual patterns of identification and crosses two cultures, lifestyles, and set of values. Person raised by 2 different cultures/ races of parents.

Question 19

What are some of the rules of kosher customs? Orthodox Jews

Answer 19

No pork or pork products. Only certain foods if they’ve been inspected by a rabbi and prepared according to dietary laws. Milk products and meat products are not allowed at the same meal.

Question 20

Which race is it considered impolite to touch the head?

Answer 20

Asian American

Ask for permission if it is necessary to exam head.

Question 21

Which religions avoid pork? (2)

Answer 21

Islamic people

Orthodox Jews

Question 22

What is a frequent health problem with migrant populations

Answer 22

Tuberculosis

Question 23

Difference between visible and invisible poverty

Answer 23

Visible: lack of money and material resources, such as clothes, sanitation and housing.

Invisible: social and cultural deprivation- including employment and educational opportunities, access to healthcare, lack of public services.