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Primary Health Care (Kim) > Cultural Diversity > Flashcards

Cultural Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

Ethnocentrism:

A

belief that one’s own culture is the best or most desirable.

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2
Q

Culture is

A

Dynamic, grounded in history and is determinant of health

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3
Q

Eg. of backdrop to diversity in the history of Canada:

A

indigenous right to vote: 1960
Ban on black immigrants: 1911
…

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4
Q

Discrimination is

A

Judgements and actions that creat and reinforce oppressive conditions that marginalize,and/or restain the lives of those being discriminated. It can be couscious or subconscious to more institutional or systemic.

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5
Q

Barriers in health care access for immigrants: (3)

A
  • Linguistic barriers
  • Lack of information on how to navigate the system/health care literacy
  • Cultural differences
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6
Q

Barriers for individual (immigrants) seeking health care: (3)

A
  1. fear of stigma
  2. Barrier of language
  3. Knowledge about the disorder
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7
Q

Barrier for immigrant related with health care system/HCP: (3)

A
  1. Work related
  2. Navigating the health system
  3. Cultural discrepancies (difference in culture)
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8
Q

Eg. of barrier in language:

A

Hard time explaining problem

When emotionnal, hard time to express feeling–>go toward their mother tongue.

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9
Q

Eg. of barrier for immigrant related to their work:

A

Work hours during clinics hours.

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10
Q

Navigation on the system facilitor:

A

Nurse navigator

Educating them about navigating the system in interaction

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11
Q

Eg. of cultural difference in values:

A

independence vs. interdependence.

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12
Q

Eg. of cultural difference in expectations:

A

Consent vs. agreement.

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13
Q

Interventions/solutions to promote ethnocultural health in Canada at the individual level: (2)

A
  1. Improve knowledge

2. Specific campaign targeting a population but not to specific–>discriminatory.

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14
Q

Interventions/solutions to promote ethnocultural health in Canada at the institutional/health care system level: (2)

A
  1. Cultural competencies (Enhance professional capacity to work with different ethnocultural group)
  2. Developping collaboration (with NGO in community to better understand ethnics groups)
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15
Q

Interventions/solutions to promote ethnocultural health in Canada at the society level: (1)

A

Improve tx outcome and compliance by investing more in primary care.

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16
Q

Way to prevent discrimination in targeted approach: (3)

A
  1. Increase knowledge of health care promotion
  2. Consulting
  3. Settings approach
17
Q

Cultural intersections

A

Culture, diversity, race and ethnicity

18
Q

5 elements to consider about culture related to health:

A
  1. Interpretation of health,healthcare, and health promotion
  2. Effect of spirituality and religion/perception of illness and death
  3. Family structure and roles. Childbearing and childrearing practices.
  4. Heritage and country of origin/reason for immigration.
  5. Language
19
Q

Issues in healthcare related to cultural diversity:

A
  1. Additional health risks (lack acsess to cultural appropriate)
  2. Lower quality of care received –> lower health outcomes (cultural barriers,language,communication)
  3. Cultural differences and professional uncertainty (affect nurse/client relationship)
20
Q

Cultural competency

A

A lifelong process of approaching relationships with openness rather than focusing on ‘‘knowing’’ specific cultures.

21
Q

Cultural Safety:

A

Effective nursing practice as determined by the patient, its about cultural risk and outcome.

22
Q

Sensitivity/Awarness is

A

understanding, respect, openness

23
Q

The cultural competency is develop/construct by

A

critical reflection and action

24
Q

Cultural competency and all others competency need previously:

A

Awareness –> Sensitivity –> Safety –> Competence

25
Q

Gouvernment responsible in

A

Legislation, ensure healthcare organizations provide culturally competent care and funding

26
Q

Regulatory bodies/professional associations responsible in

A

establishing standards and guidelines to promote cultural competency, advocating, promoting, developing and implementing indicators.

27
Q

Step to acquire Cultural competency according to guestspeaker/teacher:

A
  1. Know thyself: Self Awareness (aware of stereotype,be open)
  2. Do not Assume (all immigrant are.. all natives are..)
  3. Education is Key (do research, Ask questions.)
28
Q

Immigrant Categories:

A
  1. Family Class
  2. Economic Class
  3. Refugees
29
Q

Risk/ vulnerabilities of immigrants:

A
  • Income and social status/ underemployment
  • Social support network (social exclusion)
  • Education and Literacy
  • Lack of knowledge of available resources
  • Physical environments
30
Q

Strenghs of immigrants:

A

-Resilience
-Diversity
-Survivorship skills
-Faith
-Life Experience
-Education
Coping (adaptability to change
-Determination

31
Q

What to NOT do with immigrant/refugees

A

Victimize and stereotype them.

32
Q

Language Barrier solution:

A
  • Using alternatives to written communications (photo/picture)
  • Working with interpreters (eg. family)
33
Q

How to work with interpreters?

A
  • Be aware of social class differences between interpreter and client.
  • Be careful when using family members as interpreters (role definition)
  • Be aware of confidentiality.
34
Q

Key themes for building Cultural competency

A
  1. Practitioner skill set
  2. Workforce diversity
  3. Systems and supports
  4. Decision support syst. and practice improvement
  5. Education and training
  6. Collaboration

Primary Health Care (Kim) (13 decks)

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