CUE - Social and Economic Issues due to Urbanisation Flashcards
Cultural diversity
The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society
Diaspora
A group of people with similar heritage or homeland who have settled elsewhere in the world
Economic inequality
The unequal distribution of money amongst a population
Social segregation
When different groups are separated from each other - groups may be based on wealth, ethnicity, religion or age
Urban social exclusion
Economic and social problems faced by residents in areas of multiple deprivation
How is there economic inequality in Leeds?
In 2018, around 150,000 peope were impacted by Absolute Poverty
Leeds has the 3rd highest levels of inequalities in the UK
There are high disparities between different areas of Leeds (Beeston + Holbeck in the south east and Horsforth in the north east) In Beeston and Holbeck 4.3% of people claim unemployment benefts compared to 0.9% in Horsforth
How are there economic issues in Rio de Janeiro?
Unemployment rates in the favelas are very high at 20% and 1/3 of people work in the informal sector (government cannot claim tax to imrpove the city)
The poorest 50% earn 13% of Rio’s income
How are there social issues in Leeds?
Lack of affordable housing in Leeds. From 2020-2021 around 2,170 households became homeless
The average house price in Leeds is 260,000 which is 7x the average single income
How are there social issues in Rio de janeiro?
There are housing problems in Rio with over 100,000 in migrants each year
There are 1000 favelas in the greater Rio de Janeiro area which are built illegally with poor materials - built on steep slopes (mainly concentrated in the North Zone) In non-improved favelas 50% have no sewage connections
What is the cultural diversity like in Leeds?
12% of people were born outside of the UK. 22% of primary school children do not speak English as their first language
In the 1950s and 1960s immigrants from the commonwealth countries e.g the Caribbean and India settled in Leeds e.g Chapeltown
What is the cultural diversity like in Rio de Janeiro?
Spatial pattern of cultural diversity - linked to the 4 zones
The South Zone is 80% white compared to the racial profile of the city as a whole at 50% black or mixed race
Why is there social segregation in Rio de Janeiro?
Rio hosted one of the biggest slave ports in the world between the 16th and 19th centuries. The first favelas were created by former slaves
What strategy was used in Leeds to reduce the social and economic issues?
The Leeds Best Council Plan
How did the Leeds Best Council Plan help improve the housing crisis?
St George’s Crypt work to reduce rough sleeping in Leeds
A policy by the UK government means that 10% of hosing develpments must be affordable
Since the plans began in 2020, 430 of 3,500 houses have been affordable
How did the Leeds Best Council Plan help reduce unemployment?
The TRY Project offers free retail training in the community. from this 80% of people move onto further training or real positions
