Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Crude oil and fuels > Flashcards

Crude oil and fuels Flashcards

1
Q

How is crude oil formed?

A

Over millions of years from the remains of ancient biomass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

Compound containing carbon and hydrogen only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are hydrocarbons used as?

A

Fuels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why are hydrocarbons good fuels?

A

They react with oxygen and release a lot of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is flammability

A

How easily something Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is viscosity?

A

How thick it is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does a boiling point depend on the chain length?

A

Longer the chain higher the boiling point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does viscosity depend on chain length?

A

Longer the chain, higher the viscosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does flammability depend on chain length?

A

Longer the chain, lower, the flammability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are alkanes?

A

Hydrocarbons that only have single bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the first four alkanes?

A

Methane, ethane, propane, butane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

Cn H 2n + 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can different alkanes in crude oil be separated?

A

Fractional distillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does fractional distillation work?

A

Crude oil is vaporised

The hydrocarbon gases enter the column

The hydrocarbon gas is rise up the column

As hydrocarbon gases rise of the column, they cool down because it is cooler at the top

When the different hydrocarbons reach their boiling point in the column they condense

The hydrocarbon fraction is collected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name some of the fuels produced by fractional distillation

A

Petrol, diesel, oil, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and liquefied, petroleum gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What other useful materials produced from fractional distillation

A

Solvents, lubricants, polymers, detergents

17
Q

What is cracking?

A

Used to break up longer hydrocarbons and turn them into shorter ones

18
Q

Why is cracking used often?

A

There is a higher demand for short chained hydrocarbons because they are more useful than the longer ones

19
Q

Name two methods to carry out cracking

A

Steam cracking and catalytic cracking

20
Q

What are the products of cracking

A

Short chain alkanes and alkenes

21
Q

What are alkenes?

A

Hydrocarbons with a double bond

22
Q

What are alkenes used for?

A

Formation of polymers

23
Q

Describe the reactivity of alkenes, compared to alkanes

A

Alkenes are much more reactive

24
Q

How can you test for alkenes

A

Alkenes turn orange bromine water colourless

Chemistry (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions