Covalent bonding Flashcards
What is covalent bonding
When electrons are shared between non metal atoms
How is the number of electrons shared decided
Depends on how many extra electrons an atom needs to make a full outer shell
What is a single bond
Each atom shared one pair of electrons
What is a double bond
Each atom shares two pairs of electrons
What are the three covalent structures
Giant covalent
Small molecules
Large molecules
Small molecules structure and an example
Only few atoms
Strong covalent bonds
Weak intermolecular forces
Water
Why do small molecules have a low melting and boiling point
The intermolecular forces are easy to overcome
Do not require lots of energy
What states are small molecules at room temp
Gas or liquid
Large molecules structure and example
Repeating units joined by covalent bonds to form a chain
Relatively strong intermolecular forces
Polymers
Do large molecules have a high or low melting and boiling point
It is low compared to giant covalent but higher than small molecules
More energy is needed for their intermolecular forces
What state is large molecules at room temp
Solid
Can covalent structure conduct electricity
No, there are no delocalised electrons they are fixed
What is graphene
Single layer of graphite
Graphene structure
Strong covalent bonds so it is strong
Can conduct electricity
What can graphene be used for
Campsites and high-tech electronics
