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#Phase 2.2: Paediatrics > Croup > Flashcards

Croup Flashcards

1
Q

What is Croup?

A

Common childhood URTI

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2
Q

What age group does Croup typically affect?

A

6 months – 2 years

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3
Q

What are the most common causes of Croup? (4 things)

A
  1. Parainfluenza (most common)
  2. Influenza
  3. Adenovirus
  4. RSV
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4
Q

What are the RF for Croup? (2 things)

A
  1. Male
  2. Autumn / Spring season
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5
Q

What are the CF of Croup? (6 things)

A
  1. Low grade fever
  2. Rhinorrhoea
  3. Barking cough
  4. Hoarseness
  5. Stridor
  6. Increased work of breathing
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6
Q

What causes the characteristic barking cough of Croup?

A

Impaired movement of vocal cords

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7
Q

What is a timing feature of the barking cough of Croup?

A

Occurs in clusters of coughing episodes

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8
Q

When are the CF of Croup worse?

A

@ night

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9
Q

What CF suggest Croup kid is in Resp distress? (2 things)

A
  1. Tachypnoea
  2. Intercostal recession
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10
Q

What are RED FLAG CF for Resp failure in Croup? (5 things)

A
  1. Drowsiness
  2. Lethargy
  3. Cyanosis
  4. Tachycardia
  5. Laboured breathing
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11
Q

What are some differentials that present similarly to Croup? (4 things)

A
  1. Epiglottitis
  2. Inhaled foreign body
  3. Acute anaphylaxis
  4. Peritonsillar abscess
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12
Q

How is the Dx of Croup made?

A

Clinically

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13
Q

What should you take into account before doing any investigations on a sus Croup kid?

A

The distress it may cause them

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14
Q

What imaging can you do for sus Croup and why?

A

CXR: To identify other causes for CF (e.g foreign body)

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15
Q

What invasive investigation can you do, and when should you do it?

A
  • Direct / indirect Laryngoscopy
  • Only if atypical illness / airway obst sus
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16
Q

How are most Croup kids managed?

A

At home by parents

17
Q

What should you tell parents managing their Croup kid at home? (5 things)

A
  1. Symptoms usually resolve within 48 hours (upto a week)
  2. Croup is viral so no need 4 abx
  3. Use paracetamol / ibuprofen to control pain / fever
  4. Fluids
  5. Safety netting
18
Q

What safety netting should you tell parents managing their Croup kid at home? (5 things)

A
  1. Seek urgent medical advice if CF worsen, aka:
  2. Dev intermittent stridor @ rest
  3. High fever
  4. High HR
  5. Resp failure signs = AMBULANCE
19
Q

When should you consider admitting a Croup kid? (7 things)

A
  1. Under 6 months
  2. Hx of severe airway obst
  3. Immunocompromised
  4. Inadeq fluid intake
  5. Poor response to initial tx
  6. Uncertain Dx
  7. Parents r hella stressed
20
Q

What are the Medical Mx options for Croup? (4 things)

A
  1. Oral dexamethasone (0.15mg / kg) (repeat after 12 hours PRN)
  2. Nebulised adrenaline (temp symptom relief)
  3. Keep calm (bc crying –> increases O2 demand + resp muscle fatigue)
  4. Oxygen

#Phase 2.2: Paediatrics (18 decks)

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