Critique Of Globalisation Flashcards
Why has opposition to globalisation increased?
Critics argue that globalisation has widened economic inequality.
• TNCs exploit cheap labour and avoid paying taxes.
• Environmental degradation has worsened due to industrial expansion.
How do anti-globalisation groups oppose TNCs?
They criticise tax avoidance by TNCs like Apple (0.005% tax rate in Ireland).
• Campaigns highlight poor working conditions and low wages.
• Protest against monopolies that limit local business opportunities.
What are the key environmental concerns related to globalisation?
Increased carbon emissions from global trade and production.
• Deforestation for agriculture and industry.
• Plastic pollution and ocean degradation caused by mass consumption.
What is cultural erosion?
The loss of traditional customs, languages, and lifestyles due to Western influence.
• Local cultures are replaced by globalised, Western values.
How does cultural erosion impact the built and natural environment?
Traditional buildings are replaced by Westernised developments (e.g., skyscrapers, malls).
• Local ecosystems are exploited for tourism and industry.
• People may value Western consumer goods over natural conservation.
What is an example of cultural erosion in Papua New Guinea?
1 in 4 indigenous languages is at risk of extinction.
• Young people abandon traditional dress and customs for Western clothing and lifestyle.
• Deforestation and habitat loss are linked to urban migration.
What are other examples of cultural erosion?
Guyana: Indigenous languages and traditions are disappearing due to globalisation.
• Australia: Aboriginal heritage is being lost, with sacred sites opened to mining.
What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of ideas, customs, and traditions across the world.
• Happens through migration, tourism, media, and TNC expansion.
How do TNCs contribute to cultural diffusion?
Fast food chains (e.g., McDonald’s, KFC) globalise Western diets.
• Media corporations (e.g., Disney, Netflix) spread American culture.
• Retail brands (e.g., Nike, Zara) promote global fashion trends.
How does cultural diffusion create opportunities for marginalised groups?
Global Paralympic movement has raised awareness and inclusivity for disabled athletes.
• Women’s rights and LGBTQ+ movements have gained global support.
How does Westernised consumer culture impact the environment?
Higher meat consumption in China has led to deforestation for cattle ranching.
• Increased demand for fast fashion has resulted in toxic textile waste.
• Beef and lamb farming contribute to high methane emissions.
