Critical Care Flashcards
Most common cause of cardiogenic shock
Severe LV dysfunction
Drug given in low output cardiogenic shock if SBP > 100 mmHg
Nitroglycerin
Drug given in low output cardiogenic shock if SBP 70-100 mmHg with no sign and symptom of shock
Dobutamine
Drug given in low output cardiogenic shock if SBP
Norepinephrine or dopamine
Central mediator of septic shock
TNF-alpha
Hallmark of the local inflammatory response in septic shock
Intravascular thrombosis
Major mechanism of multi-organ dysfunction
Endothelial injury
CVP goal in resuscitation
8-12 mmHg
> 12 if mechanically ventilated
MAP goal in resuscitation
65 mmHg
Target tidal volume in mechanical ventilation of sepsis-induced ALI / ARDS
6 mL/kg
Occurs in a setting where unrecognized adrenal insufficiency complicates the host response to the stress induced by acute illness or major surgery
Hypoadrenal shock / adrenal insufficiency
Type of respiratory failyre where there is acute hypoxic failure ( PO2
Type 1
Pulmonary edema is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 1
Pneumonia is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 1
ARDS is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 1
Hypercarbic respiratory failure (pCO2 >45-50 mmHg) is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 2
Drug overdose and brainstem injury are what types of respiratory failure?
Type 2
Sleep-disordered breathing is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 2
Myastenia gravis and GBS are what type of reapiratory failure?
Type 2
Bronchospasm is what type of respiratory failure?
Type 2
This form of respiratory failure occurs as a result of lung atelectasis
Type 3
Perioperative respiratory failure
Type 3; atelectasis due to pain
Respiratory failure that results from hypoperfusion of respiratory muscles in patients with shock
Type 4
To prevent lung injury secondary to mechanical ventilation, you should set the tidal volume to
6 mL/kg (low)
Vircow’s triad
Inflammation
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury
Best non-invasive diagnostic test for DVT
Venous duplex scan
Demonstrate vein incompressibility
Well’s scoring is used to determine likelihood of
Venous thromboembolism
Rule out test for venous thromboembolism
D-dimer
Sensitive but not specific
Most common ECG abnormality in pulmonary embolism
T-wave inversion in leads V1-V4
CXR sign of PE: focal oligemia
Westermark’s sign
CXR sign of PE: peripheral wedged-shape density above the diaphragm
Hampton’s hump
CXR sign of PE: enlarged right descending pulmonary artery
Palla’s sign
Principal imaging test for the diagnosis of PE
Chest CT-scan with IV contrast
Hypokinesis of the RV free wall with normal motion of the RV apex seen in transthoracic echo?
McConnell’s sign
McConnell’s sign is the best indirect sign seen in transthoracic echo in patients with
Pulmonary embolism
Monitoring for heparin treatment
PTT
Monitoring for warfarin treatment
PTT
Preferred fibrinolytic agent for pulmonary embolism
rTPA
