Crisis Intervention-Ch 12, Stress and Burnout Flashcards
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
who quoted “people are not disturbed by things, but by the views they take of them”
Epictetus
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
According to _______ , Stress is the body’s nonspecific response to any demand made on it, pleasant or unpleasant.
Han Selye, a Canadian physiologist
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Observation of people who experience stress reveal that individuals experience the same _____ or ______ reaction regardless of the stressor. examples of such stressors are ___,___ and ___
physiological or psychological
fear, anxiety or elation
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
How one perceives an event helps determine how one will react. As this implies, stress involves a _____ _____ between the individual and his environment.
dynamic mismatch
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Stress can be beneficial. If individuals learn to ____ stress, to _____ it and to make it ____ for them, then stress can provide the needed stimulation to perform a job effectively.
control stress, direct it, work for them
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
When a person is confronted with intense and chronic stress that does not seem amenable to active solutions, the result can be _____
Burnout
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
____ is a method of coping which emphasizes withdrawal, detachment, avoidance, lowering of goals, and blaming others.
Burnout
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
_____ is multifaceted. What are some factors that determine each individual’s ability to handle stress.
Stress Factors: personality type illness accidents anxiety alcohol-drug use
STRESS AND BURNOUT:
A _____ is an event that produces stress, such as noise or a family argument.
stressor
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS:
Cox, Herbert and Selye offer a description of the psycho-physiological reaction to stress. Following is a summary of their observations:
- Perceived stressors invoke the “fight or flight response”.
- Heartbeat quickens, while adrenal glands pump more hormones.
- Adrenalin is released electrifies the system for quick action.
- Circulation is speeded up, arteries and veins constrict.
- Lungs pump more air and blood pressure increases
- Breathing becomes short and rapid
- Liver releases stored up sugar which is forwarded to brain and muscles to mobilize energy.
- Muscle functioning improves
- Blood-clotting mechanisms are accelerated while red blood cells flow into arteries to help body absorb more oxygen and cast off carbon dioxide
- Pupils dilate to improve vision, hearing becomes keener.
- Hands become colder.
- Intestines shut down so energy can be directed to the stressor.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
Most of the stressors confronted by modern humans are _____ rather than _____
mental rather than physical.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
Repeated exposure to acute stress can lead to _____ resistance to stress, impaired _____ and ____ thought processes, _____ work performance, _____ for taking increased risks and other unsafe behaviors.
decreased, cognitive and emotional, diminished, potential
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
Repeated exposure to acute stress can culminate in severe emotional reactions, such as _______; and physical reactions such as ;
anxiety, anger and depression;
nausea,ulcers, sleep disturbances, high blood pressure, reduced appetite.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
Physiological model of stress seems to apply more often to ____.
males
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
Taylor describe female responses to stress as
tend and befriend- this response includes nurturing offspring under stressful circumstances, protecting them from harm and befriending- creating and joining social groups to exchange resources and provide protection.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF STRESS
These female responses are based on _______ processes that are specific to females across species, especially in situations of acute stress.
biological
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Criminal justice and social service workers are vulnerable to stress and frustration caused by ______ about whether their work is valuable.
uncertainty
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Edelwich argues that social service workers begin with unrealistically high expectations about their ability to help persons and the recognition that they will receive. The resulting disillusionment often leads to ____,____ and ____
stagnation, frustration and apathy
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Maslach and Jackson characterize burnout as involving ______, _______ and lack of _______
emotional exhaustion
depersonalization
lack of personal accomplishment
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
Stead describes these feelings as follows:
_____ is the cumulative effect of time and stress that removes the worker from the people he is attempting to serve.
_____is a situation in which the exhausted practitioner develops resentful or negative attitude toward clients.
_______ results when the worker turns inward because of the belief that his efforts are futile and task is hopeless
Exhaustion
Depersonalization
Lack of personal accomplishment
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
One source of burnout among social service and criminal justice workers is the stress of constantly dealing with _____ in crisis.
clients
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
To deal with stress, workers distance themselves from their clients, avoid personal involvement and treat them as cases rather than individuals, intellectualizing their problems or tightly adhering to agency rules and regulations. The more often workers intervene in crises, the less ____ they become
effective
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND BURNOUT:
________ are situations which interfere with normal coping skills.
critical incidents.- injury to co-worker, suicide of co-worker or client, death of co-worker in line of duty, multiple casualties at accident site
