Criminology Exam 3 Flashcards
What separates 1st degree and 2nd degree murder?
Intent
What is a justifiable homicide?
- a homicide that is “state-sanctioned”
- police officers killing in the line duty, capital punishment, soldiers in combat, self-defense
What is premeditation?
deliberating about and planning the murder
What is felony murder?
- a special form of murder, strange in that it does not require intent
- if someone dies as a direct result of your commission of another felony you can be charged with felony murder, even if death was not the goal
What is manslaughter?
the unlawful killing of another without intent
what is 1st degree manslaughter?
- someone killed by something you did; voluntary
- you are drunk driving and run over someone, killing them
what is 2nd degree manslaughter?
-someone is killed by something you failed to do; involuntary
- neglecting to maintain reasonable safety standard
Your have a higher chance of being murdered if…
- you are male
- between the ages of 20-24
-African American
What is deviant violence ?
- violates the rules of violence
- victims are not seen as somehow responsible
-cannot rationalize their victimhood vis-a-via your lifestyle
What are signs of an abuser?
- low self-esteem
- feels powerless
and ineffective - may appear successful
- internally feels inadequate
what is violent Intergenerational
hate and prejudice are passed down from generation and generation
How many hate groups are in America?
In 2019, there was around 1000 hate groups
What is the fastest growing hate group?
white nationalist
What is the most prevalent crime in our society?
larceny
What are Sutherlands thoughts on professional thieves?
- well-developed skills
- enjoy their status
- work in a community of peers
How much auto insurance claims are fraudulent?
10%
What are defense attorneys trying to prove when defending a client?
they are trying to prove that one of the 7 elements of crime do not exist
What are the defense excuses ?
- insanity defense
- guilty but mentally ill
- intoxication defense
- youth, too young to know better
- mistake of fact
- mistake or ignorance of law
What is the standard test of insanity in all courts of law?
the M’Naghten Rule
What does duress mean?
someone forces you to commit a crime
What is white collar crime?
committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation
What is white collar crime?
committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation
What is corporate crime?
a criminal act committed by one or more employees of a corporation as a part of corporate practices
What is a spot crime?
crime that only happens once, it is not reoccurring
How long does it take before someone gets arrested for domestic violence?
7 phone calls to a residence
How many incidents of violence/abuse before a victims leaves an abuser?
7
What kind of crime is domestic violence?
a process crime
What is a process crime?
crime that happens repeatably, usually with escalation with each time
Types of white collar crime
- securities related crime
- bankruptcy fraud
- fraud against government
- consumer fraud
- insurance fraud
When was the securities and exchange commission (SEC) established?
1934
What is churring?
the act of trading a stock more frequently than is necessary or profitable in order to earn large commissions; very difficult to prove.
What is a corporation?
an artificial person sanction by the state for the purpose of doing business; not a person
What is racketeering
a pattern of illegal activity carried out as part of an enterprise that is owned or controlled by those who are engaged in the illegal activity.
What are the purposes of prisons?
- retribution
- rehabilitation
- deterrence
- incapacitation
What are the 3 goals of incarceration?
- custodial model
- rehabilitation model
- reintegration model
What is the percentage increase of incarceration between 1980 - 2019?
222%
What are some red flags?
- extreme jealousy
- possessiveness
- a bad temper
- verbal abuse
- control of all finances
How often does elder abuse happen?
1 in 10 elders report abuse
