Criminal Law Final Flashcards
Define prison
a state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement
Define Lex Talionis
the law of retaliation often expressed as “an eye for an eye” or “like for like”
Forms of early punishments?
- flogging
- mutilation
- branding
- public humiliation
-workhouses
-exile
Pennsylvania System
form of imprisonment developed by the Pennsylvania quackers around 1790 as an alternative to corporal punishments
- solitary confinement and encouraged rehabilitation
Auburn System
- developed in NY state around 1820, mass prisons and congregate fashion and required to remain silent
- primary competitor was the Pennsylvania`
Reformatory Style
- late 19th century model that used indeterminate sentencing and a belief rehabilitation was possible
- type of reform faded with the introduction of industrial prison
Industrial Prison
- a correctional model intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts sentenced to confinement
State-Use System
- inmate labor in which items produced by inmates may be sold by or to only state offices
- Included license plates and hunting licenses, items sold to state offices include cleaning supplies and furniture
Ashurst-Summers Act
federal legislation of 1935 that effectively ended the industrial prison era by restricting interstate commerce in prison-made goods
Medical Model
therapeutic perspective on correctional treatment that applies the diagnostic of medical science to the handling on criminal offenders
Warehousing
imprisonment strategy that is based on the desire to prevent recurrent crime and that has abandoned all hope of rehabilitation
Nothing-Works Doctrine
the belief that correctional treatment programs have had little success in rehabilitating offenders
Justice Model
contemporary model of imprisonment based on the “just deserts” model; individual responsibility
rated capacity
number of inmates a prison can handle according to the judgement of experts
operational capacity
the number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate based on management considerations
selective incapacitation
policy that seeks to protect society by incarcerating individuals deemed to be the most dangerous
classification system
prison administrators to assign inmates to custody levels based on offense history, assessed dangerousness, perceived risk of escape, and other factors
ADMAX
- administrative maximum
- used by federal government to denote ultra high security prisons
Jail
- confinement facility run by local government
- holds people pending adjudication or committed after adjudication; year sentence or less
New-Generation Jail
- temporary confinement facility that eliminates many of the traditional barriers between inmates and correctional personnel
Total Institution
enclosed facility separated from society both socially and physically, where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives