Criminological Key Words

Question 1

Define anti social behaviour

Answer 1

Acting in a way that causes or is likely to cause harassment alarm or distress to one or more individuals within the household of the person exhibiting the behaviour

Question 2

Harassment

Answer 2

Acting in an aggressive or intimidating manner to someone

Question 3

Causal factor

Answer 3

Factors that cause someone to act in an antisocial or criminal manner

Question 4

Temperance

Answer 4

Abstaining from alcohol

Question 5

Psychopath

Answer 5

Someone who struggles to interact with others

Question 6

Ablate

Answer 6

Ruin or destroy the functions of an organ or body tissue

Question 7

Limbic system

Answer 7

A set of structures in the brain associated with emotions and moods

Question 8

Extraversion

Answer 8

Someone who behaves in an outgoing, sociable way. They are excitable and grow bored easily

Question 9

Introversion

Answer 9

Someone who is quiet and reflective. They prefer solitary to social activities

Question 10

Neuroticism

Answer 10

Emotional instability associated with fear and anxiety

Question 11

Stability

Answer 11

Individuals are calm, unreactive and unworried

Question 12

Psychoticism

Answer 12

Individuals lack empathy and are aggressive and cold

Question 13

Arousal theory

Answer 13

Individuals are motivated to act in a way to maintain a level of physiological arousal. If this declines stimulated behaviour is exhibited

Question 14

Ascending reticular activating system (ARAS)

Answer 14

A system that transmits messages to the limbic system to release hormones or neurotransmitter

Question 15

Recidivism

Answer 15

Reverting back to old behaviours eg criminal behaviour

Question 16

Narcissistic

Answer 16

Someone who focuses on themselves and enjoys the admiration of others, leads to the exploitation of others

Question 17

Paranoid

Answer 17

Someone who distrusts others and takes criticism personally and bears grudges

Question 18

Serotonin

Answer 18

Acts as neurotransmitter to

Control Moods

Question 19

Dopamine

Answer 19

Neurotransmitter helps transmission of information between neurones

Question 20

Anabolic steroids

Answer 20

Synthetic forms

Of testosterone. They cause excessive growth and mass muscle

Question 21

Labelling

Answer 21

When you use general terms to describe members of a group

Question 22

Self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 22

A stereotype that leads to

Someone acting in a way consistent with the stereotype

Question 23

Stereotype

Answer 23

An overgeneralised belief about Someone that is typically based on limited information

Question 24

Prejudice

Answer 24

Dislike or unfair behaviour based on false information

Question 25

Discrimination

Answer 25

Practice of treating one person or group different from another in an unfair way

Question 26

Vicarious

Answer 26

Learning from consequences of another’s behaviour