Criminal Damage Flashcards

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1
Q

Name and authorities for 3 types of criminal damage

A

Basic criminal damage: s.1(1) criminal damage act

Aggravated criminal damage: s.1(2) criminal damage act

Arson: s.1(3) criminal damage act

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2
Q

The three types of damage

A

Physically altered, harmed or impaired GAYFORD

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3
Q

Principle from FIAK

A

Also likely to be criminal damage if D causes the property to be temporarily unfit for use

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4
Q

Principle from roe v kingerlee

A

It is likely to be criminal damage if it will cost money, time and/or effort to remove the damage

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5
Q

Principle from morphitis and salmon

A

The type and purpose of the property may be relevant

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6
Q

Principle from gayford v chouler

A

Damage need only be slight and temporary

Property must be physically altered, harmed and impaired

Not necessarily about d causing property to be less valuable

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7
Q

Not property covered by the act

A
  • mushrooms, growing wild on any land or flowers, fruits and foliage of a plant growing wild on any land
  • intangible rights
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8
Q

Belonging to another for criminal damage

A

Any person:

  • having custody/control of it
  • having in it any proprietary right/interest
  • having a charge on it
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9
Q

Mens rea of basic criminal damage

A
  • d conduct intended/reckless as to causing destruction/damage of property belonging to another
  • destruction/damage of property must be without lawful excuse
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10
Q

Principle smith

A

D will lack mens rea of he destroys/damages Vs property under mistaken belief that it is his own. Doesn’t matter whether belief is justified or not/provided it is honestly held

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11
Q

Meaning of recklessness with authority

A

D can only be guilty if he realised the risk of causing destruction or damage of property which belonged to another and then went on to take that risk G AND R

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12
Q

Lawful excuse defence for basic criminal damage

A

D honestly believes that

  • owner would’ve consented to destruction or damage
  • other property was at risk and in need of immediate protection and what he did was reasonable in all the circumstances
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13
Q

Reason for acquittal in JAGGARD V DICKINSON

A

Her drunkenness did not invalidate her belief that her friend would’ve consented to the damage caused

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14
Q

Lawful excuse failed in hunt because

A

Act of setting fire to the bedding was not done in order to protect property in need of immediate protection, but for another purpose

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15
Q

Lawful excuse failed in CRESSWELL because

A

The wild badgers were not property and did not belong to another so the Ds were guilty

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16
Q

Bizarre principle from baker v Wilkins

A

Their conviction was upheld by the C/A as s5(2)(b) only provides a defence where other property is in immediate need of protection

17
Q

Additional mens rea for s.1(2) aggravated criminal damage

A

Intention or recklessness as to whether the life of another is endangered by destruction or damage STEER

18
Q

S.1(2) difference from s.1(1) regarding property

A

D can destroy or damage his own property provided there is intent or recklessness as to endangering the life of another

19
Q

Does not apply to s.1(2) aggravated criminal damage

A

Lawful excuses defence- D will only have a lawful excuse in exceptional circumstances

20
Q

Mens rea principle from STEER

A

The intended or foreseen danger to life must be due to the destruction or damage to the property

21
Q

Not actually required for s.1(2) aggravates criminal damage with authorities d

A

Actus reus doesn’t require that any life is in fact endangered, it I enough that d intends or is reckless as to endangering life PARKER

22
Q

Despite including recklessness in the mens rea aggravated criminal damage has been classified as this kind of offence

A

Specific intent offence

23
Q

Lawful excuse applies to s.1(3) arson unless

A

The destitution or damage by fire is done with intention or recklessness as to whether the life of another is endangered by the destruction or damage by fire

24
Q

Lawful excuse applied to arson in Denton because

A

D honestly believed that the owner of the property consented to the destruction/damage of the property by fire