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FSC300 > Crime Scene Management > Flashcards

Crime Scene Management Flashcards

1
Q

Define crime.

A

An act punishable by law.

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2
Q

Define crime scene.

A

Any place where an act has taken place that is contrary to the law.

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3
Q

Define manage

2

A
  • To take charge or care of
  • To handle, direct, govern, or control in action or in use
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4
Q

Are all “scenes” crime scenes?

A

No

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5
Q

Give example of scenes a forensic investigator may be called to that aren’t crimes.

3

A
  • Motor vehicle collision
  • Sudden death
  • Suicide
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6
Q

Other than the police, what agencies might get involved in a scene examination?

4

A
  • Chief Coroner for the Province of ON
  • Office of the Fire Marshal
  • Ministry of Labour
  • Special INvestigations Unit
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7
Q

What is the Special Investigations Unit?

A

Agency that watches over the police, protecting against misuse of power and illegal behaviour.

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8
Q

Why do we need to manage crime scenes?

4

A
  • Allow full investigation
  • Proper documentation of evidence
  • Collection of physical evidence
  • Admissibility in court
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9
Q

What is the main objective of crime scene management?

A

Safety of public and first responders

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10
Q

What is one of the most important aspects of securing a crime scene?

A

Preserving the scene with minimal contamination and disturbance of physical evidence.

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11
Q

What types of things should initial responding officer(s) remain observant of when first responding to a crime scene?

5

A
  • People
  • Vehicles
  • Events
  • Potential evidence
  • Environmental conditions
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12
Q

Give examples of individuals/organizations a first responding officer might contact to assess the safety of a crime scene.

5

A
  • Electrical
  • Structural engineer
  • Fire hazard
  • Chemicals
  • Explosive risk
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13
Q

How should a scene be treated until proven otherwise?

A

As a crime scene

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14
Q

What is the next responsibility of the initial responding officer(s) after controlling any dangerous situations or persons?

A

Ensure medical attention is provided to injured persons while minimizing contamination of the scene.

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15
Q

What is the role of the initial responding officer(s) in terms of people present at a scene?

A

Shall identify persons at the crime scene and control their movement.

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16
Q

What should be kept in mind when establishing the boundaries of a crime scene?

A

Understand that the boundaries can be reduced in size if necessary but cannot be as easily expanded.

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17
Q

List some methods for establishing crime scene boundaries.

6

A
  • Police barrier tape
  • Police cars and equipment
  • Officers
  • Natural existing barriers
  • Buildings
  • Seals
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18
Q

What does briefing the investiagtors taking charge assist in?

A

Controlling the crime scene and helps establish further investigative responsibilities.

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19
Q

What must be done regarding all activities conducted and observations made at a crime scene?

A

Must be documented as soon as possible

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20
Q

List factors that could alter a scene.

9

A
  • Weather
  • Media
  • Bystanders
  • First responders
  • Witnesses
  • Victims/family
  • Sun
  • Temperature
  • Wildlife
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21
Q

What does assessment of the scene by the investigator(s) in charge allow for?

3

A
  • Determination of type of incident to be investigated
  • Level of investigation to be conducted
  • Resources required
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22
Q

List some roles of the investigator(s) in charge.

5

A
  • Identify specific responsibilities
  • Share preliminary information
  • Develop investigative plans in accordance with departmental policy and local, Provincial and Federal laws
  • Conduct a walk-through
  • Determine team composition
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23
Q

What is the purpose of a scene walk through?

3

A
  • Provide overview of scene
  • Identifies any threats to scene integrity
  • Ensures protection of physical evidence
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24
Q

Aside from the investigator(s) in charge, who should be present during a scene walk through?

A

Individuals responsible for processing the scene.

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25
Q

Who ensures documentation of the scene, according to policy?

A

Investigator(s) in charge

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26
Q

What is the purpose of prioritizing the collection of evidence?

3

A

Prevent loss, destruction or contamination

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27
Q

Who determines the order in which evidence is collected?

A

The investigator(s) in charge and team members

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28
Q

What is the ideal order of evidence collection?

A

Outside in, least destructive to most destructive.

29
Q

What types of things shall team members ensure regarding evidence?

4

A

Effective collection, preservation, packaging and transport of evidence.

30
Q

List some things to consider at a crime scene.

8

A
  • Safety
  • Security
  • Preservation/integrity of evidence
  • Proper documentation and collection techniques
  • Proper handling and storage of evidence
  • Retention for future analysis and storage
  • Prosecution and court considerations
31
Q

What is the name of the principle that helps to ensure a successful scene examination?

A

LOSER Principal

32
Q

Define the LOSER Principle?

A

Listen
Observe
Search
Evaluate
Record

33
Q

Who should be listened to at a crime scene?

5

A
  • Victims
  • Witnesses
  • Suspect
  • Front line personnel
  • Communications operator
34
Q

What should be observed at a crime scene?

A

The scene

35
Q

What should be searched at a crime scene?

A

Evidence, victims

36
Q

What is meant by evaluating a crime scene?

A

Looking at what you’ve listened to, observed and evaluated to see if it all adds up.

37
Q

What could be indicated if there are inconcsistencies in what you’ve heard, observed and searched?

4

A
  • Tampering
  • Natural processes altered scene
  • Lying
  • Procedural error in evidence collection
38
Q

How can a scene be recorded?

3

A
  • Notes
  • Photos
  • Video
39
Q

What are the two distinct zones of a crime scene?

A
  • Primary/hot zone
  • Secondary/warm zone
40
Q

Describe the primary/hot zone of a crime scene.

3

A

Zone of greatest interest and usually where event took place. Physical and trace evidence most likely compromised by non-forensic personnel.

41
Q

Describe the secondary/warm zone of a crime scene.

2

A

Larger perimeter surrounding primary zone. Generally where line tape located as barrier to signify crime scene perimeter.

42
Q

List ways that the security of a crime scene can be maintained.

7

A
  • Physical presence
  • Police line tape
  • Police evidence/security seals
  • Locks and barriers
  • Evidence logs
  • Tamper proof property evidence bags
  • Check-in officer
43
Q

Who is charged with securing and protecting the scene?

A

Scene security officer

44
Q

What is the path of contamination?

A

An establshed route in and out of the crime scene that results in the least amount of scene degredation.

45
Q

What must be done regarding any changes made to the scene prior to FIS arrival?

A

Must be explained and justified

46
Q

How can we protect against change at a crime scene?

4

A
  • Scene security
  • Minimize contact
  • Follow LOSER principle
  • Be creative - be cognizant of how your efforts may protect or compromise evidence
47
Q

List some vehicle-specific crime scene management techniques.

4

A
  • Treat the same as any other scene
  • Consider the path to the vehicle
  • Tow to police garage for expert exam under seal
  • Dry before commencing exam
48
Q

How long can a crime scene be held for?

A

Hours, days, weeks

49
Q

Who determines the breakdown of a scene?

A

Case manager

50
Q

What should be done before releasing a crime scene?

2

A
  • Final walkthrough by investigators
  • Ensure proper cleanup
51
Q

Define evidence.

A

Refers to anything that can give or substantiate information in a legal investigation.

52
Q

Define testimonial evidence.

A

Witnesses who testify, provide knowlesge or information concerning the case.

53
Q

List the two types of testimonial evidence.

A
  • Direct
  • Indirect
54
Q

What is indirect testimonial evidence?

A

Beyond the scene, did not witness the crime.

55
Q

What is direct testimonial evidence?

A

Witnessed the crime or are the victim

56
Q

List the different types of evidence.

A
  • Testimonial
  • Physical
57
Q

Define physical evidence.

A

Evidence that can be seen, touched, extracted and exhibited.

58
Q

List the different types of physical evidence.

7

A
  • Associative
  • Class
  • Electronic
  • Latent
  • Trace
  • Indicative
  • Circumstantial
59
Q

Define associative evidence.

A

Any evidence that places an individual at a scene and/or with a victim.

60
Q

Define class evidence.

A

Evidence that requires classification into a more narrow range.

61
Q

Define electronic evidence.

A

Information and data transmitted and/or stored in any electronic device

62
Q

Define latent evidence.

A

Any evidence that is not visible without the use of chemical, photographic or electronic development/enhancement.

63
Q

Define trace evidence.

A

Evidence that has to be extracted from another substance and is in very small amounts, often invisible to the naked eye.

64
Q

Define indicative evidence.

A

Evidence that substantiates or proves that a certain period of time has elapsed.

65
Q

Define circumstantial evidence.

A

Facts, observations, activities from which the culpability of an individual may be inferred.

66
Q

List different types of conclusions that can be inferred from circumstantial evidence.

5

A
  • Motive
  • Opportunity
  • Means, capacity and skills
  • Post-offence conduct
  • State of mind
67
Q

What does physical evidence show?

5

A
  • That a crime has been committed
  • Key elements of the crime
  • Link suspect with scene and/or victim
  • Corroborate statements
  • Exonerate the innocent
68
Q

Give examples of physical evidence.

4

A
  • Fingerprints
  • Footwear
  • Firearms, other weapons
  • Tool mark impressions
69
Q

give examples of trace evidence

A
  • Blood
  • Hair and fibres
  • Semen
  • Epithelial cells
  • Vaginal secretions
  • Accelerants
  • Saliva
  • GSR

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