Cretinism

Question 1

Cretinism is also referred to as untreated _____ or ______

Answer 1

Congenital Hypothyroidism or Infantile Myxoedema.

Question 2

Cretinism must occur with a goitre.

T/F

Answer 2

F

Unlike its typical presentation in adults (hypothyroidism), it could occur with or without a goitre.

Question 3

Cretinism includes ____ cretinism and _____ cretinism.

Answer 3

sporadic

endemic

Question 4

Cretinism is twice more common in (girls or boys?)

Answer 4

girls

Question 5

First records of cretinism date back to ancient civilizations of ____ and _____ cultures then the ____ and _____.

Answer 5

Chinese and Hindu

Greek and Romans

Question 6

The first detailed description of cretinism occurred during the ______.

Answer 6

renaissance

Question 7

The word cretin originates from ___ and it was used in the medieval era by the Catholic monks from France to define people that were “________” or in other words _____.

Answer 7

French

weak-minded

dumb

Question 8

The most common characteristics of the cretinism were _____,____,________ etc.

Answer 8

endemic goiter, intellectual disability, abnormal tongue

Question 9

Chinese medics from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) were the first medics in history to have found a successful treatment for cretinism by feeding them pills made from _______________
In the 16th century, the French monks found their own successful treatment for cretinism, which was ____________

Answer 9

ground thyroid glands of pigs or sheep etc.

ashes from sea fungus or sea algae.

Question 10

It wasn’t until 1852 when _________, a French chemist published the first academic paper justifying that the main cause of cretinism is due to the iodine deficiency in children from a very young age which was associated with the physical change of a goitre caused by the thyroid gland.

Answer 10

Adolphe Chetan

Question 11

In 1922, ______ was the first country to add iodine to commonly sold salt in order to stop the cretinism endemic and within the 20th-century iodine within table salt (normal salt used for food) was integrated on a worldwide level, making cretinism almost extinct.

Answer 11

Switzerland

Question 12

As at February ____, at least 20 million Nigerians were affected with iodine deficiency, but little were aware of the ailment that causes goiter and cretinism. The disease that doctors called ‘the _______’ was prevalent in 14 out of 20 states.

Answer 12

1995

silent scourge

Question 13

In Nigeria, achievement of _________ was globally recognized and acknowledged in December 2005, the first African country to achieve this status.

Answer 13

USI (Universal Salt Iodization)

Question 14

European countries have( more or less?) iodine in their soil.

Answer 14

Less

Question 15

Endemic cretinism has been a common finding in the _______ or isolated regions such as the ______ or the _______ .

It is also commonly found in ______, the Uele region in Central Africa.

Answer 15

mountainous

Alps or the Himalayas

Papua New Guinea

Question 16

People who are at higher risk include pregnant women, vegetarians (or vegans), those who don’t use iodized salt, and those who live in places where there is little iodine in the soil such as ____,____,______,_______

Answer 16

New Zealand, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and European countries.

Question 17

World iodine deficiency day

Answer 17

21st October