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Neuroendocrine > Cranial Nerves Wright DSA > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Wright DSA Flashcards

1
Q

What foramen does olfactory nerve (CN I) use?

A

foramina of cribiform plate

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2
Q

What CN uses optic canal foramen?

A

Optic nerve CN II

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3
Q

What cranial nerves use Superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, CN IV, CN 5.1, CN VI

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4
Q

What Foramen does the Maxillary nerve use?

A

Rotundum

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5
Q

What nerves go through foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular branch of trigeminal (5.3) occasionally lesser petrosal nerve

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6
Q

What nerves go through internal acoustic meatus?

A

Facial nerve and Vestibulocochlear nerve

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7
Q

What nerves go through Jugular Foramen?

A

IX, X , XI,

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8
Q

What does XII go through?

A

hypoglossal canal

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9
Q

What nerves carry GSE (gen somatic motor)?

A

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens and hypoglossal

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10
Q

What nerves come from pharyngeal arches? (SVE)

A

Trigeminal first mandibular arch, Facial second hyoid arch, Glossopharyngeal third arch, and Vagus 4th & 6th arch

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11
Q

what nerves are visceral motor? (parasympathetic)

A

III, VII IX X XI

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12
Q

Visceral sensory carrying nerves (GVA)?

A

IX and X

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13
Q

GSA?

A

V, VII, IX, X

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14
Q

Special Sensory (SSA)?

A

I, II, VII, IX, VII, VIII

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15
Q

what muscles and skeletal structures come from mandibular arch?

A

Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympanic, malleus incus

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16
Q

What muscles come from hyoid arch?

A

muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, stapedius, posterior belly of digastric, styloid process, lesser cornu of hyoid

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17
Q

What muscles come from third arch?

A

Stylopharyngeus, greater cornu of hyoid

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18
Q

What muscles and structures come from fourth and sixth arch?

A

cricothyroid levator veli palatini constrictors of pharynx , thyroid cartilage, cricoid cart, arytenoid cartilage, corniculate cart, cuneiform cart

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19
Q

Where do sympathetic postganglionic fibers arise from and travel?

A

Come from superior ganglion of sympathetic trunk and travel on vessels

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20
Q

Where do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from?

A

Nuclei in brain stem and synapses at ciliary pterygopalatine otic and submandibular

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21
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetics are carried by what cranial nerves?

A

occulomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

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22
Q

What is a common theme with all parasympathetic nerves?

A

they piggy back on trigeminal

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23
Q

Olfactory Nerve info:

A

conducts smell to brain, receptors are bipolar neurons in olfactory mucosa, travels through the foramina in cribiform plate

24
Q

Damage to olfactory nerve?

25
Q

Optic nerve info:

A

Special sensory afferent conveys visual info from retina, enters cranium via optic foramen, optic tracts travel to lateral geniculate nucleus in thalamus

26
Q

Damage to optic nerve?

27
Q

Oculomotor Nerve info:

A
  • Somatic motor (GSE): supply the levator palpebrae, superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique
  • Visceral motor (GVE): provides parasympathetic supply to constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles via ciliary ganglion
    • Comes from Edinger Westphal nuclei
    • Leaves cranium via SOF
    • Parasymp fibers travel via ciliary ganglion
28
Q

Occulomotor nerve damage?

A

Ptosis, paralysis of eye muscles, leading to strabismus, diplopia, focusing difficulty

29
Q

Trochlear nerve info:

A

Carries somatic motor (GSE) function to supply superior oblique muscles of eye,, comes from trochlear nucleus, leaves cranium via SOF

30
Q

Damage to trochlear

A

paralysis of superior obliques leading to strabismus

31
Q

Abducens nerve info:

A

GSE somatic motor to supply the lateral rectus muslce, exits SOF, pontine mucleus in pons

32
Q

Damage to abducens?

A

Paralysis of lateral rectus limits lateral movement of eye, diplopia

33
Q

Your patient presents with their right eye angled down and out, with a dilated pupil, and the eyelid must be manually elevated. What is the issue?

A

Right occulomotor nerve palsy

34
Q

Patient presents with their left eye gazing medially, what is the issue?

A

Left abducent nerve palsy

35
Q

What does the trigeminal nerve carry?

A

SVE (Branchial/Pharyngeal Motor): muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, mylohyoid and ant. belly of digastric GSA: From face and scalp down, including tongue and teeth part of tympanic membrane and meninges of anterior and middle cranial fossae.

36
Q

Describe the three trigeminal branches.

A

V1. Opthalmic conducts sensory from cornea nose forehead and anterior scalp, uses SOF V2. Maxillary conducts sensory from nasal mucosa, palate gums and cheeks, uses foramen rotundum V3. “Man”dibular conducts sensory from anterior 2/3 of tongue skin of chin, lower jaw and teeth and 1/3 sensory from auricle of ear. Uses “O”vale (“O”h “Man”)

37
Q

Common ganglion for trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal ganglion, this nerve and its 3 main branchces travel though this before entering the pons

38
Q

V1 branches?

A
  • Lacrimal
  • Frontal
    • supratrochlear
    • Supraorbital from frontal air sinus
  • Nasociliary
    • Long and Short ciliary
    • Infratrochlear
    • Ethmoidal branches
  • Memingeal branch
39
Q

V3 branches?

A
  • Buccal
  • Lingual
  • Inferior alveolar
    • Dental
    • Incisive
    • Mental
  • Auriculotemporal
    • Anterior auricular
    • External acoustic meatus
    • Temporomandibular
    • Superficial temporal

Pharyngeal Motor Part

  • Medial Pterygoid
  • Lateral Pterygoid
  • Masseteric
  • Deep Temporal
  • Mylohyoid
40
Q

V2 branches?

A
  • Zygomatic
    • Zygomaticotemporal
    • Zygomaticofacial
  • Infraorbital
    • External nasal
    • Superior Labial
  • Superior Alveolar
    • Anterior middle and posterior branches
  • Palatine
    • Orbital
    • Greater and Lesser Palatine
    • Posteior superior nasal
    • Pharyngeal
  • Meningeal
    • Anterior crainial fossa
    • Middle cranial fossa
41
Q

What does the facial nerve carry?

A
  • Branchial/Pharyngeal Motor: (SVE) supplies stapedius, stylohyoid, posteior belly of digastric, muslces of facial expression
  • Visceral Motor: (GVE) stimulation of lacrffimal submandibular and sublingual glands and mucous mem of nose and soft/hard palates
  • General Sensory: (GSA) supply skin of concha of auricle, small area of skin behind the ear
  • Special sensory: (Special afferent) for taste from anterior two thirds of tongue and hard and soft palate
42
Q

What are the six major branches of somatic motor from the facial nerve?

A
  1. Posterior Auricular
  2. Temporal
  3. Zygomatic
  4. Buccal
  5. Mandibular
  6. Cervical

A Tiny Zebra Bit My Cheek

43
Q

What is the parasympathetic motor function of facial nerve?

A

Innervate and increase secretion of lacrimal gland of eye and submandibular and sublingual glands

44
Q

Facial nerve damage conditions?

A
  • decerease tearing
  • dry mouth
  • loss of taste 2/3rds of ant. tongue
  • facial nerve palsy (Bell’s Palsy)
  • ptosis
  • sagging corner of mouth
45
Q

Vestibulocochleaer nerve VIII, what does it carry and supply?

A

Carries Special Sensory (Special afferent) and conducts equilibrium and auditory sensations sto brain. Vestibular branch located in vestibular ganglion and cell bodies of cochlear are in spiral ganglion

46
Q

Damage to CN VIII

A
  • Lesions in vestibular branch cause loss of balance nausea vomitting and dizziness
  • Lesions in cochelar result in deafness
47
Q

What does the Glossopharyngeal nerve carry?

A
  • SVE to supply stylopharyngeus
  • GVE to supply otic ganglion to stimulate Parotid gland
  • GVA to carry sensation from carotid body and carotid sinus
  • GSA provide sensations from posterior 1/3 of tongue skin of auricle and internal tympanic membrane
  • SA for tase from posterior 1/3 of tongue
48
Q

Conditions caused by CN IX Glossopharyngeal damage?

A
  • Dry mouth
  • Loss taste on posterior 1/3 tongue
49
Q

What does the vagus nerve carry?

A
  • Branchial Motor (SVE): to striated muscle of pharynx, tongue, and larynx
  • Visceral motor (GVE): to smooth muscles and glands of pharynx and larynx and throacic and abdominal viscera
  • Visceral afferent: from larynx trachea esophagus and thoracic and abdominal viscera, stretch receptors in aorta and chemoreceptors in aortic bodies
  • GSA: from skin at back of ear and external acoustic meatus, part of tympanic membrane and pharynx
50
Q

What nuclei does the vagus use and what foramen?

A

Motor nuclei in meedulla oblongota and leaves cranium via jugular foramen

51
Q

What conditions are caused by vagus nerve damage?

A
  • larynx problems: hoarseness, monotone, loss of voice
  • Difficulty in swallowing or impaired gastrointesitnal mobility
52
Q

What does the accessory nerve carry and what foramen is used?

A
  • branchial motor (SVE): supply trapezius and SCM
  • enters foramen magnum and exits jugular
53
Q

Damage to CN XI?

A
  • Paralysis of trapezius and SCM difficulty with elevating shoulder and turning head to opposite side
54
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve carry and what foramen?

A
  • Somatic motor (GSE): suppply intrinsic and extrinsic musles of tongue (except palatoglossus CN X)
  • uses hypoglossal canal
55
Q

Damage to CN XII?

A

Swallowing and speech difficulties due to imparired tongue movement. If only just left or right damaged the tongue when protruded will deviate to the damaged side

Neuroendocrine (22 decks)

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