Cranial Nerves III, IV, VI Flashcards

1
Q

nerves sometimes responsible for deviations of eye alignment

A

III, IV, VI

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2
Q

primary function of medial longitudinal fasciculus

A

coordinate eye movements

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3
Q

example of a lesion affecting the MLF

A

multiple sclerosis

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4
Q

the lobe that controls rapid or darting eye movement

A

frontal lobe

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5
Q

the lobe that controls smooth or following eye movement

A

occipital lobe

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6
Q

the result of uncoordinated attempts at controlling eye movements

A

nystagmus

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7
Q

disease of this nerve causes eyelid ptosis

A

CN III

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8
Q

disease of this nerve causes difficulty when looking down and in

A

CN IV

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9
Q

disease of this nerve causes inability to laterally deviate the eye on the same side

A

CN VI

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10
Q

disease of this nerve will diminish pupil constriction with bilateral symmetry

A

CN II

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11
Q

disease of this nerve will cause inability to constrict pupil in same eye

A

CN III

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12
Q

often due to lesions of the neck proximal to the carotid artery bifurcation

A

Horner’s syndrome

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13
Q

signs of Horner’s syndrome

A

ptosis, pupilloconstriction, facial anhydrosis, ipsilateral facial vasodilation

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14
Q

often due to lesions that are distal to the carotid artery bifurcation and that are along the internal carotid pathway

A

pupilloconstriction and ptosis

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15
Q

often due to lesions that are distal to the carotid artery bifurcation and that are along the external carotid pathway

A

vasodilation and anhydrosis

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16
Q

enophthalmos

A

inward sinking of the eyeball in the eye socket

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17
Q

3 components of accommodation

A

convergence, pupilloconstriction, lens thickening

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18
Q

the 3 components of accommodation are dependent on this CN

A

CN III

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19
Q

clinical findings that accompany nystagmus

A

nausea, vertigo, vomiting, ataxia

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20
Q

with nystagmus, which is the side with the problem?

A

the side that has the quick component

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21
Q

the 4 basic areas of the fundus of the eye that should be examined

A

optic disc, blood vessels, macula, general background

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22
Q

in the eye if the cup is not smaller than the disc it could indicate

A

glaucoma

23
Q

with this disease the disc appears blurred with jagged edges

A

papilledema

24
Q

this problem causes the optic disc to have a dead white color and also have a visual loss

A

primary optic atrophy

25
Q

this problem causes the optic disc to be gray and ragged and could be secondary to another pathology

A

secondary optic atrophy

26
Q

inflammation of the optic nerve

A

optic neuritis

27
Q

inflammation of the optic disc

A

papillitis

28
Q

optic neuritis or papillitis could indicate early signs of

A

MS

29
Q

collections of degenerative deposits that often appear in the fundus of elderly people

A

Drusen bodies

30
Q

when looking up and to the right, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

right eye: superior rectus & CN III

left eye: inferior oblique & CN III

31
Q

when looking laterally to the right, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

right eye: lateral rectus & CN VI

left eye: medial rectus & CN III

32
Q

when looking down and to the right, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

right eye: inferior rectus & CN III

left eye: superior oblique & CN IV

33
Q

when looking up and to the left, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

left eye: superior rectus & CN III

right eye: inferior oblique & CN III

34
Q

when looking laterally to the left, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

left eye: lateral rectus & CN VI

right eye: medial rectus & CN III

35
Q

when looking down and to the left, the nerve and muscle used in each eye:

A

left eye: inferior rectus & CN III

right eye: superior oblique & CN IV

36
Q

how would a CN III dysfunction present on observation?

A

ptosis, eye points down and lateral

37
Q

how would a CN IV dysfunction present on observation?

A

when patient reads may have double vision, have issues when looking down and in (would notice issues when doing fields of gaze test)

38
Q

how would a CN VI dysfunction present on observation?

A

patient can’t look lateral, eyeball may be positioned more medially

39
Q

which nerves are involved in the cavernous sinus?

A

3, 4, 5, 6

40
Q

MS will affect medial longitudinal fasciculus in this way

A

inability to gaze lateral

41
Q

a fast nystagmus would indicate problems in this area

A

frontal

42
Q

a slow nystagmus would indicate problems in this area

A

occipital

43
Q

heterotopia

A

deviation of bilateral eye alignment

44
Q

exotropia

A

outward/lateral eye movement

45
Q

esotropia

A

inward/medial eye movement

46
Q

hypertropia

A

upward direction eye movement

47
Q

hypotropia

A

downward direction eye movement

48
Q

nerve that exits the midbrain just medial to the cerebral peduncle

A

CN III

49
Q

compression to this nerve gives nerve palsy plus contralateral hemiparesis

A

CN III

50
Q

nerve that supplies superior oblique muscles

A

CN IV

51
Q

nerve that turns the eyeball down & in

A

CN IV

52
Q

nerve that supplies lateral rectus

A

CN VI

53
Q

nerve that functions in eye abduction

A

CN VI

54
Q

CN III, IV, VI travel here

A

superior orbital fissure