Cranial nerves Flashcards
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with sense of smell
Cr 1 Olfactory
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with vision?
Cr11 Optic
Which name and number Cranial nerve which also carres parasympathetic fibres is associated with Eye Movement?
Cr111 Oculo- motor
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with eye movement?
Cr 1V Trochlear
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with sensations from the face?
Cr V Trigeminal
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with eye movements and abduction (lateral movement) of the eye?
CR V1 Abducent
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with moving (motor) the muscles of the face?
Cr V11 Facial - also carries parasympathetic fibres
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with hearing and balance?
Cr V111 Vestibulo-Cochlear
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with Sensory from the throat and tongue?
Cr 1X Glosso- pharyngeal - also carries parasympathetic fibres
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with being the parasympathetic supply to most of the viscera?
Cr X Vagus
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with being the motor nerve to sterno-cleido mastoid and trapezius muscles?
CR X1- Accessory (Spinal Accessory Nerve)
Which name and number Cranial nerve is associated with tongue movement?
Cr X11 Hypoglossal
Where do Cranial Nerves 1 and 11 emerge from in the brain?
Forebrain
Where do Cranial Nerves 111 and V1 emerge from in the brain?
Midbrain
Where do Cranial Nerves V V1 V11 and V111 emerge from in the brain?
Pons
Where do Cranial Nerves 1X, X, X1, X11 emerge from in the brain?
Medulla
What do Cranial Nerve sensory fibres do?
Receive sensations: touch, temperature, pain, proprioception (awareness and perception fo body movement)
What do Cranial Nerve motor fibres do?
Induce movement: muscles of facial expression, the eyes, the tongue, throat (speaking and swallowing)
What do Cranial Nerve Parasympathetic fibres do?
Induce autonomic responses; glandular secretions, tears, mucus, saliva, digestive juices, pupil constriction, lens accommodation, maintain function of heart, lungs and digestive system.
What is the origin of the sympathetic fibres joining cranial nerves, where do they synapse and where do they enter the cranium?
Originate in T10T2, pass up the neck and synapse at the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion and enter the cranium through the carotid canal.
What do Cranial Nerve sympathetic fibres do?
Induce; pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, sphincter constriction and glandular secretions.
Which Cranial Nerves are purely sensory
1, 11, V111
Which Cranial nerves are purely motor?
IV, VI, X1 and X11
Which Cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibres?
111, V11, 1X, X- 3.7.9.10
Where do Cranial nerves have their nuclei?
In the brain and brainstem
Name the two foramina of the anterior cranium and the nerves which pass through them?
The cribriform plate (CR1 Olfactory Nerve), Optic Canal (CR11- optic Nerve and ophthalmic artery.
Name the two fissures in the back of the orbit
Superior Orbital Fissure and Inferior orbital fissure
Which Cranial nerves and other structures pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure?
Everything eye related: Cr111- oculo motor nerve, Cr1V Trochlear Nerve, CR V1 Abducent nerve and opthalmic branch of CRV trigeminal nerve AND the Opthalmic Vein
Which Cranial nerves and other structures pass through the Inferior Orbital Fissure?
Enables entry of maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve CRV into the floor of the orbit.
Where is the Foramen rotundum located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Greater wing of the Sphenoid, maxillary branch of CRV Maxillary branch- exits from the cranium before entering the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure
Where is the Foramen ovale located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Greater wing of sphenoid- mandibular branch of CRV trigeminal nerve exits from the cranium together with motor branch of CRV
Where is the Foramen spinosum located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Greater wing of sphenoid- middle meningeal artery passes up into the cranium to supply arterial blood to the meninges together with the recurrent meningeal branch of the trigeminal nerve - small branch of the mandibular branch
Where is the internal auditory meatus located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Medial wall of petrous portion of temporal bone. CR V11- facial nerve and CRV111 Vestibulo - cochlear nerve
Where is the stylomastoid foramen located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Inferior surface of temporal bone- located between styloid process and the mastoid process. CRV11- facial nerve- exits here before turning anteriorly to travel to the face.
Where is the jugular foramen located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Antero-lateral to Foramen Magnum between the occiput and mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Internal Jugular vein, Glosso-pharyngeal Nerve CR IX, Vagus Nerve CRX and Spinal Accessory Nerve CR X1
Where is the hypoglossal canal located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
Within the condular portion of the occiput- CRX11 hypoglossal nerve
Where is the foramen magnum located and which cranial nerves pass through it?
base of skull in occiput. Formed by 4 portions of the occiput. Spinal Cord, CR X1- spinal roots of spinal accessory nerve, vetebral arteries.
Where is the foramen lacerum located and which structures pass through it?
Located between body of the sphenoid and petrous portion of the temporal bone. Superior opening of carotid canal though which the internal cartoid artery enters the cranium to provide arterial blood to the brain.. Its lower portion is filled with cartilage so noting can pass through. Creates S bend in carotid canal.
