Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Where does the olfactory nerve terminate
Primary olfactory cortex - medial temporal lobe
What are the symptoms of olfactory nerve damage?
Anosmia - reduced sense of smell
What is CNII
Optic - vision - primary visual cortex - occipital lobe
What is CN III
Occulomotor - Motor - Midbrain - Extraoccular muscles (bar two), pupil and lens shape, eyelid muscles
What is CNIV?
Trochlear - midbrain - SOM
What is CNVI?
Abductees - PONS - LRM (straight out the side)
What is CNV
Trigeminal
Sensory and motor
S (V1, 2, 3): facial proprioception, touch, pain, temperature
M (V3) - Muscles of mastication
Symptoms: parenthesises (same side as the lesion), difficultly swallowing, jaw deviates toward the side of the lesion
What is CN VII?
Facial Nerve - Pons M, S, SS, A Face, ear, taste, tear M - facial muscles S - external ear SS - taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue A - lacrimal and salivary glands
What is CN VIII?
Vestibulocochlear - between Pons and Medulla - hearing and balance
Symptoms: hearing loss, tinnitus, balance problems
What is CN IX?
Glossopharyngeal Nerve - upper medulla - S, M, SS, A
Sensory: posterior 1/3 of tongue, gag reflex, pharynx
Motor: Stylopharygeus (elevates larynx and pharynx)
SS: taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue
A: parotid gland
What is CN X?
Vagus - medulla - S&M
M: lots of muscles - important for us is the larynx
Vagus branches into 2:
1. Superior laryngeal nerve -> Crico-thyroid muscle - lengthening and tensing the vocal folds (loss of pitch)
2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve -> all other laryngeal nerves (hooks under the aorta)
What is CN XI?
Spinal Accessory Nerve - M - Medulla
2 muscles: shrugging and forceful inspiration
Trapezius muscle and sternacleidamastoid muscle
What is CN XII?
Hypoglossal - M - Medulla
All internal and external muscles of the tongue expect for the palatoglossus (innervated by CNX)
Tongue weakness
