Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Head and Neck > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the first cranial nerve

A

olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe the route of the olfactory nerve

A

if exits the forebrain and runs through the cribriform foramen to form the olfactory bulbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the function(s) of the olfactory nerve

A

sense smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how can you test the olfactory nerve

A

using smelling salts on one nostril at a time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what can cause damage to the olfactory nerve

A

head damage or tumour of the frontal lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the name of the second cranial nerve

A

optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the route of the 2nd cranial nerve

A

exits the forebrain and goes through the orbital canal to the orbit of the eye to supply the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the function of the 2nd cranial nerve

A

sense sight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the optic chiasma

A

where nerve fibres from the optic nerves cross over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does impingement on the optic chiasma by a pituitary tumour cause

A

bitemporal hemianopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do you test the 2nd cranial nerve

A

visual tests
pupil reflexes
looking at optic disc for papillodema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is papillodema

A

where the optic disc is swollen and blurry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what causes papillodema

A

raised intracranial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the 3rd cranial nerve

A

oculomotor nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the route of the oculomotor nerve

A

arises from the midbrain and goes through the cavernous sinus and through the superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the function of the 3rd cranial nerve

A

supplies most of the muscles controlling eye movements
autonomic fibres control pupil constriction and lens thickness
controls muscle to keep eyelids open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do you test the 3rd cranial nerve

A

look at eye movements, pupil light reflexes and drooping of eye lids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the first sign of compression of the 3rd cranial nerve and why does this occur first

A

the parasympathetic fibres are located on the outside of the nerve, so these would be compressed first causing pupil dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what causes compression of the 3rd cranial nerve

A

raised intracranial pressure forcing the uncut past the tentorium cerebelli to push on the nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the 4th cranial nerve

A

the trochlear nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the route of the trochlea nerve

A

exits the midbrain and goes through the cavernous sinus and the superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the function of the 4th cranial nerve

A

supplies the muscle which moves the eye up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the test for the 4th cranial nerve

A

eye movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what signs/symptoms may result from damage to the 4th cranial nerve

A

diplopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the 5th cranial nerve
trigeminal nerve
26
what are the 3 main branches of the trigeminal nerve
ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular
27
describe the route of the ophthalmic nerve branch
comes from the trigeminal at pons and goes through the cavernous sinus and the superior orbital fissure
28
describe the route of the maxillary nerve branch
comes from the trigeminal at pons, goes through the cavernous sinus and the foramen rotundum
29
describe the route of the mandibular nerve branch
comes from the trigeminal at pons, goes through foramen ovale
30
where does the infraorbital nerve branch from
the maximally branch of the trigeminal nerve
31
describe the route of the infraorbital nerve
goes through the floor of the orbit
32
what is the function of the infraorbital nerve
sensation to the lower eyelid and Cheek
33
where does the inferior alveolar nerve branch from
the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
34
describe the route of the inferior alveolar nerve
enters the mandible at foramen mandible. goes through the bone and exits at the chin becoming the mental nerve
35
what is the function of the mental nerve
supply sensation to the chin, lip and lower gum
36
what is the functions of the trigeminal nerve
supplies muscles of mastication | sensation to the face
37
how can you test the trigeminal nerve
test face sensation, muscles of mastication and corneal reflex
38
what is trigeminal neuralgia
where you get sharp shooting pains in the face
39
through what nerve does shingles and corneal ulcers affect
ophthalmic
40
what is the 6th cranial nerve
abducens
41
what is the route of the 6th cranial nerve
exits pons and goes through the cavernous sinus and the superior orbital fissure
42
what is the function of the 6th cranial nerve
allows lateral movement of the eye
43
what is the 7th cranial nerve
facial nerve
44
what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
45
describe the route of the facial nerve
exits pons and goes through the internal acoustic meatus and the petrous bone. then travels through the salivary gland where it branches
46
what is the function of the 7th cranial nerve
supplies muscles of facial expression supplies taste to 2/3 anterior tongue autonomic innervation to salivary and lacrimal glands
47
how do you test for the 7th cranial nerve
corneal reflex | test muscles of facial expression
48
what is the 8th cranial nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
49
what is the route of the 8th cranial nerve
comes from pons and through the internal acoustic meatus
50
what is the function of the 8th cranial nerve
hearing and balance
51
what type of tumour may impinge on the 8th cranial nerve and what other nerves may be affected
an acoustic neuroma of the Schwann cells may also impinge on the trigeminal nerve and facial nerve giving facial tingling and motor weakness
52
what is prebyacusis
old age related hearing loss
53
what is the 9th cranial nerve
glossopharyngeal nerve
54
what is the route of the 9th cranial nerve
comes from the medulla and exits through the jugular foramen where it goes into the thorax
55
name 2 major branches of the 10th cranial nerve and what they travel beneath
left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves right goes under subclavian artery left goes under the aortic arch
56
what is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve
``` sensation of soft palate, oropharynx and tonsils innervates middle ear sensory to carotid body and sinus autonomic innervation of parotid taste to lateral 1/3 of tongue sensation of tongue ```
57
what is the test for the 9th cranial nerve
gag reflex
58
what is the 10th cranial nerve
vagus nerve
59
describe the route of the 10th cranial nerve
goes from the medulla through the jugular foramen and into the thorax and gut through the carotid sheath
60
what is the function of the 10th cranial nerve
sensation to pharynx and larynx muscles of soft palate, pharynx and larynx parasympathetic innervation to gut and thorax
61
how do you test for the 10th cranial nerve
looking at uvula when saying "Ahh" | note speech, gouging and swallowing
62
what symptom is seen with damage to the laryngeal nerves
hoarse voice
63
what is the 11th cranial nerve
accessory nerve
64
describe the route of the accessory nerve
comes from the medulla and travels thoughts jugular foramen
65
which part of the accessory nerve goes through the posterior triangle
spinal nerve root
66
what is the function of the 11th cranial nerve
motor supply to trapezius and SCM
67
what is the test for the 11th cranial nerve
shrugging shoulders against resistance | moving head against resistance
68
how can the 11th cranial nerve be damaged
lymph node biopsy stab wounds surgery
69
what is the 12th cranial nerve
hypoglossal nerve
70
describe the route of the 12th cranial nerve
from the medulla and though the hypoglossal foramen
71
what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve
tongue movement
72
does hypoglossal nerve damage has ipsilateral or contralateral effects
ipsilateral

Head and Neck (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions