Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Motor function

Answer 1

Have cell bodies in basal plate of brainstem and axons which leave CNS to innervate skeletal muscle somatic efferent or smooth muscle visceral efferent

Skeletal muscle of jaws and throat from branchial arches (visceral)

Question 2

General somatic afferent

Answer 2

Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus

Question 3

Special somatic afferent

Answer 3

Optic and vestibulocochlear

Question 4

General visceral afferent

Answer 4

Facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus

Question 5

Special visceral afferent

Answer 5

Olfactory, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

Question 6

General somatic efferent

Answer 6

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, hypoglossal

Question 7

General visceral efferent

Answer 7

Oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

Question 8

Special visceral efferent

Answer 8

Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory

Question 9

Nucleus ambiguous

Answer 9

IX, X, XI

Question 10

Salivatory nucleus

Answer 10

VII, IX

Question 11

Nucleus Solitarius

Answer 11

VII, IX, X

Question 12

Olfactory nerve

Answer 12

CN I

bundles synapse in olfactory bulb and then relay to the brain

Olfactory bulb to the olfactory peduncles

Question 13

Special

Answer 13

Branchial arches

V, VII, IX, X, XI

Question 14

Placode derivation

Answer 14

Olfactory and vestibulocochlear

Question 15

Cranial nerves and brain derivatives

Answer 15

Optic

Question 16

Extraocular muscles

Answer 16

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens

Question 17

Tongue muscles

Answer 17

Hypoglossal

Question 18

Parasympathetic

Answer 18

Vagus, oculomotor, facial and glossopharyngeal

Question 19

Optic nerve

Answer 19

II

Cells converge towards optic disc, axons pass the sclera and exit the eyeball as optic nerve

Optic nerves join at optic chiasm then continue through optic tract around cerebral peduncles to synapse in 3 places

Question 20

Optic nerve synapses

Answer 20

Lateral geniculate nucleus- visual cortex

Superior colliculus- startle reflex

Pretectal area-papillary light reflex

Question 21

Occulomotor

Answer 21

III

innervate all but retractor bulbi, dorsal oblique, and lateral rectus

Also sphincter for iris and lens accommodation, synapse in ciliary ganglion

Coordination with muscles achieved by medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 22

Trochlear nerve

Answer 22

Only cranial nerve to exit brainstem from dorsal surface

CN IV

Question 23

Trigeminal

Answer 23

Ophthalmic: orbital fissure, mandibullar- oval fora open, maxillary- round foramen

CN V

Question 24

Three sensory components of trigeminal

Answer 24

Mesencephalic, principal trigeminal, and nucleus of spinal tract

Question 25

Abducens

Answer 25

CN VI

Lateral rectus and retractor bulbi

Motor nucleus in the pons

Nerve runs through trapezoid body and emerges lateral to the pyramidal tract, forms facial colliculus

Question 26

Facial nerve

Answer 26

CN VII

internal auditory meatus to the tympani occipital fissure

Pterygopalatine ganglion- parasympathetic

Question 27

Vestibulocochlear

Answer 27

CN VIII

sensory receptors in cochlea and vestibular to semicircular canals

Question 28

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 28

CN IX

Motor to pharyngeal muscles and sensory to chemoreceptors and baroreceptors along with taste

Question 29

Vagus

Answer 29

X

through jugular foramen and tympani occipital fissure

Right vagus goes posterior and left to esophageal plexus

Motor to palate and pharyngeal muscles

Question 30

Accessory Nerve

Answer 30

Spinal XI

part of ventral horn

Question 31

Hypoglossal Nerve

Answer 31

CN XII

tongue muscles