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Neurology > Brain Atlas > Flashcards

Brain Atlas Flashcards

1
Q

Dura Mater

A

Outermost covering

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2
Q

Arachnoid/Pia

A

Arachnoid layer is below dura mater and underlaid by the subarachnoid space where vessels and CSF travel

Arachnoid collapses onto pia mater postmortem

Pia mater is the innermost covering of the Brain tightly adhered to sulci and gyri

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3
Q

Arterial circle of Willis

A

Surrounds region of pituitary gland

Circle is fed by two internal carotid arteries and basilar artery

Caudal= caudal communicating arteries and rostral cerebral arteries form rostral end of circle

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4
Q

Rostral cerebral arteries

A

Between dorsal longitudinal fissure supplying the medial surface of the rostral cerebral cortex

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5
Q

Middle cerebral Artery

A

Supplies lateral surface of cerebral cortex

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6
Q

Caudal cerebral artery

A

Follows optic tract over thalamus to the longitudinal fissure

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7
Q

Dorsal Sagittal sinus

A

In the dura along dorsal midline

Transverse sinuses diverge from caudal end of the Sagittarius sinus in dura

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8
Q

Transverse sinus blood flow

A

In dura

Into the sigmoid and temporal

Sigmoid is continuous with the internal jugular vein and the temporal sinus is continuous with the internal maxillary vein

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9
Q

Dorsal longitudinal fissure

A

Separates into two hemispheres

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10
Q

Cruciate sulcus

A

Indentation near rostral part of frontal lobe and separates precruciate and postcruciate gyri

Precruciate: somatomotor for leg and arm and postcruciate: motor for face and somatosensory areas

In carnivores only

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11
Q

Rhinal fissure

A

Sulcus, runs longitudinally on ventrolateral aspect of brain and separates the olfactory bulb, tract and pyriform lobe (olfactory cortex)

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12
Q

Telencephalon

A

Optic to pons

Cerebrum, olfactory/pyriform lobe, hippocampus, corpus callosum
Lumen= lateral ventricles

Grows after other divisions so overlays diencephalon, mesencephalon

Only olfactory nerve

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13
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus and mammillary bodies

Lumen= third ventricle

Ends at interthalamic adhesion

Optic nerve

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14
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Crus cerebral, rostral and caudal colliculi

Lumen= mesencephalic aquaduct

Occulomotor and trochlear nerve associated

Midbrain, ends when the pons begins

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15
Q

Metencephalon

A

Cerebellum dorsal and pons centrally

Lumen= 4th ventricle

Includes some of the midbrain

Trigeminal is the only nerve associated with this division

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16
Q

Myelencephalon

A

Trapezoid bodies and pyramids, medulla

Until spinal cord

Lots of nerves associated

17
Q

Brainstem

A

Mesencephalon and metencephalon but the pons only not cerebellum

18
Q

Telencephalon boundaries

A

Olfactory bulbs to optic chiasm

19
Q

Diencephalon boundaries

A

Optic chiasm to the intercrural fossa

20
Q

Midbrain boundaries

A

Intercrural fossa to the rostral margin of pontine decussation

21
Q

Pons boundaries

A

Rostral and caudal margin of the pontine decussation

22
Q

Medulla boundaries

A

Rostral margin of trapezoid body and disappearance of pyramids, marks pyramidial decussation that occurs with the medulla-spinal cord junction

23
Q

Abducens Nerve

A

CN 6

Emerge from junction of pons and trapezoid body

24
Q

Facial and vestibulocochlear nerve

A

CN 7 and 8

Found together on lateral margin of trapezoid body

25
Q

CN nerves

A

SSMMBMBSBBMM

26
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Largest commissure (axon) of telencephalon connecting the left and right hemispheres

Located ventral to this is the fornix

27
Q

Rostral commissure

A

Within the fornix

Fornix= bundle related to hippocampus

28
Q

Thalamus

A

Ventral to the fornix

Serves to relay all sensory information except smell to the cortex

Interthalamic adhesion is the middle of the thalamus connecting the two sides with the third ventricle surrounding it

29
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Ventral to thalamus

Above the infundibulum of the pituitary

Endocrine, homeostatic and other survival functions

30
Q

Mammillary bodies

A

Located caudoventral to hypothalamus

Affective emotional behaviors

31
Q

Mesencephalic aquaduct

A

Narrow channel from third to fourth ventricle

32
Q

Cerebellum

A

Dorsal structure that is caudal to the occipital cortex and above the brainstem

Neurology (13 decks)

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