Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What are the twelve cranial nerves?
I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Occulomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigeminal VI. Abducens VII. Facial VIII. Acoustic IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Spinal Accessory XII. Hypoglossal
(CN I) Olfactory
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: cribiform plate
Components: SVA
Main Structures Innervated: olfactory nasal mucosa (smell)
(CN II) Optic
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: optic foramen (canal)
Components: SSA
Main Structures Innervated: rods and cones of retina (vision)
(CN III) Oculomotor
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: sup. orbital fissure
Components: GVE (parasymp) GSE
Main Structures Innervated:
1) (via ciliary ganglion) to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles
2) sup., med., and inf. recti and inf. obl. eyeball muscles and levator palpebrae superioris
(CN IV) Trochlear
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: sup. orbital fissure
Components: GSE
Main Structures Innervated: superior oblique eyeball muscle
(CN V) Trigeminal
1) ophthalmic
2) maxillary
3) mandibular
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen:
1) ophthalmic - sup. orb. fissure
2) maxillary - foramen rotundum
3) mandibular - foramen ovale
Components: 1) GSA 2) SVE
Main Structures Innervated:
V1) skin of upper part of face (upper orbit and above)
V2) skin of mid face, upper teeth, nasal and palatal mucosa
V3) skin of lower face and jaw, floor of mouth, mucosa of ant. 2/3 of tongue, lower teeth and gums, ear pinna and canal
1) motor to muscles of mastication, ant. bellow of digatric, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, tensor palatini (first arch muscles)
(CN VI) Abducens
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: sup. orbital fissure
Components: GSE
Main Structures Innervated: motor to lateral rectus muscle (LRG)
(CN VII) Facial
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: internal auditory meatus
Components: 1) GVA 2) SVA 3) GSA 4) GVE 5) SVE
Main Structures Innervated:
1) deep sens. from soft palate
2) taste buds from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
3) sens. from small part of ear pinna
4) motor to submand. and subling. gls. lacrimal gls. glands in nasal mucosa
5) motor to musc. facial express, post. belly diagast., stylohyoid, stapedius
(CN VIII) Auditory
Foramen: internal auditory meatus
Components: SSA a) cochlear b) vestibular
Main Structures Innervated:
a) organ of Corti in cochlear duct
b) semicircular canals, utricle and saccule
(CN IX) Glossopharyngeal
Foramen: jugular foramen
Components: 1) GVA 2) SVA 3) GSA 4) GVE 5) SVE
Main Structures Innervated:
1) deep sens. from post. tongue, soft palate, pharynx, mucosa of tymp. cavity, post. auditory tube, cartoid body and sinus
2) taste buds post. 1/3 tongue and adjacent pharynx
3) gens. sens. from small part of ear pinna nd canal
4) parotid salivary gland (secretomotor)
5) stylopharyngeaus muscle
(CN X) Vagus
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: jugular foramen
Components: 1) GVA 2) SVA 3) GSA 4) GVE 5) SVE
Main Structures Innervated:
1) visc. sens. from pharynx, esoph., trachea, larynx and abdom. visc.
2) taste buds in epiglottis and glottis
3) sens. from small part of ear pinna, canal and tymp. membrane
4) thoracic and abdominal viscera
5) muscles of pharynx and larynx, lev. palatini and cricothyroid
(CN XI) Spinal Accessory (spinal roots)
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: foramen mag and jugular foramen
Components: SVE
Main Structures Innervated: 1) motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
(CN XII) Hypoglossal
Foramen:
Components:
Main Structures Innervated:
Foramen: hypoglossal canal
Components: GSE
Main Structures Innervated: intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (palatoglossus excepted)
GSE
general somatic eff
motor to voluntary muscle
GSA
general somatic afferent
sensation from skin muscle joints
