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MEDICINE Yr2 Sem2 > CRANIAL NERVES > Flashcards

CRANIAL NERVES Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of CN I (Olfactory)

A

ONLY Special Sensory

  • Smell
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2
Q

Pathway of CN I (Olfactory)

A
  1. Nasal Epithelium
  2. Bundles = FILA
  3. Through Cribriform Plate (Ethmoid Bone)
  4. Become Olf. Nerve
  5. Travel to Olf. Bulb
  6. Inferior Surface of Frontal Lobe
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3
Q

Function of CN II (Optic)

A

ONLY Special Sensory

  • Vision
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4
Q

Where does CN II (optic) exit the cranial cavity?

A

The Optic Canal

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5
Q

Function of CN III (Oculomotor)

A

SOMATIC MOTOR
- Extraocular muscles (But SO and LR)
- Elevate Eyelid
VISCERAL MOTOR –> Parasympathetic
- Iris (pupils)
- Ciliary Muscle (focusing)

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6
Q

Where does the CN III (Oculomotor) exit the cranial cavity?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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7
Q

What CN’s does the pupillary light reflex test?

A

SENSORY - CN II
MOTOR - CN III

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8
Q

What is the function of CN IV (Trochlear)

A

SOMATIC MOTOR
- Extraocular Muscle –> SO

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9
Q

Where does CN IV (Trochlear) exit?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

*** Only nerve to arise DORSALLY on the Brain stem –> Innervate contralaterally

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10
Q

Where does CN V (Trigeminal) originate from?

A

3 sensory nuclei
- Mesencephalic
- Principal sensory
- Spinal nuclei

1 motor nuclei

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11
Q

How does CN V (Trigeminal) form from its nuclei

A

At level of pons
- Sensory nuclei merge -> Sensory root.
Motor root = travel individually.

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12
Q

What are the branches of CN V (Trigeminal)

A

V1 = Ophthalmic
V2 = Maxillary
V3 = Mandibular

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13
Q

Outline the path of the motor root of CN V (Trigeminal)

A

Travels inferiorly to the Sensory root

Fibres are then only distributed to the Mandibular division (V3)

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14
Q

How do the branches of CN V (Trigeminal) exit the cranial cavity?

A

V1 (Ophthalmic) = Superior Orbital Fissure
V2 (Maxillary) = Foramen rotundum
V3 (Mandibular) = Foramen ovale

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15
Q

What are the function of CN V1 (Ophthalmic)?

A

SENSORY
Skin of forehead + scalp + cornea + conjunctive

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16
Q

What are the functions of CN V2 (Maxillary)?

A

SENSORY
Skin of cheeks + lower eyelids + upper teeth + gums + roof of mouth + parts of nasopharync

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17
Q

What are the functions of CN V3 (Mandibular)?

A

SENSORY
Skin of lower face + Ant 2/3 tongue + TMJ

MOTOR (chewing)
Masseter + Temporalis, Pterygoid muscles + Ant belly of digastric muscle

18
Q

What is the function of CN VI (Abducens) ?

A

MOTOR
- Lateral Rectus (look laterally)

19
Q

Where does CN VI (Abducens) exit the cranial cavity from?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

20
Q

What are the MOTOR functions of CN VII (Facial) ?

A

Facial Expressions + Opening mouth + Lifting hyoid bone (During swallowing)

21
Q

What are the SENSORY functions of the CN VII (Facial) ?

A

SPECIAL = Taste (Ant. 2/3 tongue)

GENERAL = Skin sensation near ear

22
Q

What are the PARASYMPATHETIC functions of the CN VII (Facial) ?

A

Lacrimal Gland –> tears
Salivary Gland –> saliva

23
Q

What are the branches of the CN VII (Facial)?

A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Marginal Mandibular
  • Cervical
24
Q

What is the function of CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)?

A

SENSORY = Hearing + Balance

25
Q

Where does the CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear) exit the cranial cavity from?

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

26
Q

What is the SENSORY function of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) ?

A

Post 1/3 tongue+ pharynx + middle ear + carotid body

27
Q

What is the SPECIAL SENSORY function of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) ?

A

Post 1/3 tongue -> taste

28
Q

What is the MOTOR function of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) ?

A

Stylopharyngeus –> Elavate pharynx during swallowing + speaking

29
Q

Where does the CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) exit the cranial cavity from ?

A

Jugular foramen

30
Q

What is the MOTOR function of the CN X (Vagus)?

A

Muscles of pharyn + larynx + soft palate

31
Q

What is the SENSORY function of the CN X (Vagus) ?

A

Pharynx + Larynx + Oesophagus

32
Q

What is the PARASYMPATHETIC function of the CN X (Vagus) ?

A

Pharynx to Upper Abdo (Heart, Lung, GI)

33
Q

What is the SPECIAL function of the CN X (Vagus) ?

A

Taste from epiglottis + Input from bara and chemoreceptors or aortic arch

34
Q

What does the gag reflex test for?

A

SENSORY = CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)

MOTOR = CN X (Vagus)

**Taste of medulla function

35
Q

Where does CN X (Vagus) exit the cranial cavity?

A

Jugular Foramen

36
Q

What is the function of the CN XI (Accessory)

A

MOTOR –> Roation of
- Traps
- Sternocleidomastoid

37
Q

Where does the CN XI (Vagus) exit the cranial activity from?

A

Jugular Foramen

38
Q

What are the functions of CN XII (Hypoglossal) ?

A

MOTOR
Muscles of the tongue

39
Q

Where does CN XII (Hypoglossal) exit the cranial cavity from?

A

Hypoglossal Canal

40
Q

What is the pattern between type of nuclei + position in brainstem

A

Motor = MIDDLE
Sensory = SIDE

Middle –> Side

Somatic Motor –> Autonomic Motor –> Pharyngeal Motor –> Visceral Sensory –> Somatic Sensory –> Special Sensory

MEDICINE Yr2 Sem2 (8 decks)

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