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MEDICINE Yr2 Sem2 > APEX 3 > Flashcards

APEX 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are you looking for in General Inspection of a HYPERTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-GOITRE

-Signs of sudden weight drop

-FRIGHTENED FACIES = Infrequent blinking + facial tension + anxious + restlessness

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2
Q

What are you looking for in General Inspection of a HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-GOITRE

-Puffy facial appearance

-Cold intolerance –> shivering

-Body Built

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3
Q

What are you looking for in Hand/Arms component of HYPERTHYROIDISM exam?

A

SOFA
-Sweaty + Warm + Palmar Erythema

-Onchylosis –> Dark nails

-Fine Tremor

-Acropachy = hand swelling

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4
Q

What are you looking for in Hand/Arms component of HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Pallor + Jaundice

-Peripheral Cyanosis

-Cool + Dry skin

-CARPEL TUNNEL –> Tinels + Phalens

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5
Q

What are you looking for in Face component of HYPERTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Exopthalmos - Look above + laterally for protrusion

-Corneal ulceration

-LID LAG

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6
Q

What are you looking for in Face component of HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Cool/dry skin

-Jaundice

-Periorbital Oedema –> eye lid puffiness

-Xanthalasma - fatty deposit around eye lid

-Hair-thinning

-Tongue Swelling

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7
Q

What are you looking for in Neck component of HYPERTHYROIDISM + HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Tracheal Deviation

-Cervical Lymph-nodes

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8
Q

What are you looking for in Thyroid Inspection component of HYPERTHYROIDISM + HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Scars + Veins
-Pembertons Sign
-Presence of Goitre

LOOK AGAIN while patient swallows some water
LOOK AGAIN while patient sticks out tongue

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9
Q

What are you looking for in Thyroid Exam component of HYPERTHYROIDISM + HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

PALPATION
- Feel isthmus + lobes while behind + infront of patient
- Comment on size, tenderness, shape, mobility

Repeat while patient swallows water*

PERCUSS
-Upper manubrium

AUSCULTATE
-Both lobes –> for a bruit

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10
Q

What are you looking for in Lower Limb component of HYPERTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Pretibial Myxoedema

-Brisk Ankle Jerk Reflex

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11
Q

What are you looking for in Lower Limb component of HYPOTHYROIDISM exam?

A

-Non-Pitting Oedema

-Absent Ankle Jerk Reflex

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12
Q

What is last thing to do in Thyroid Exam?

A

PROXIMAL MYOPATHY
- Shoulders = ask patient to abduct w resistance

-Legs = ask patient to stand up without using hands

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13
Q

What are some general inspections you need to make in the CRANIAL EXAM?

A

-Symmetry
-Pupil abnormalities
-Eyelid abnormalities
-Hearing aids

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14
Q

What is the exam for CN II (Optic)?

A

1- Snellens Chart - Close each eye at a time and tell to read bottom line possible

2- Visual Field - Look at face an say when you see object

3 - Blind Spot - Look at face and say when you can see object (hover around the object

4- Pupillary Reflex - Ipsilateral + contralateral + swinging

5- Accomodation - look at distance + look at close object

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15
Q

What is the exam for CN III, IV, VI
(Occulomotor + Trochlear + Abducens)

A

1- H-Test (Pause laterally to test for nystagmus)

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16
Q

What is the exam for CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)?

A

1- Whisper Test (whisper a number in ear)

2- Rinnes Test (tuning fork on mastoid + then to ear –> which ones is louder)

3- Webers Test (Tuning fork to forehead - then ask if they hear it centrally or more on one side)

17
Q

What are some general inspections for the RENAL exam?

A
  • Hydration Status
  • Mental State
  • Discomfort
  • Hyperventilation
18
Q

What do you inspect for in the hands/arms in the RENAL exam?

A
  • Leukonychia
  • Anaemia
  • Bruising
  • Scratch marks
  • Spider naevi
19
Q

What test do you have to do when examining wrists in RENAL exam?

A

ASTERIXIS = Flapping tremor

(Arm out + dorsiflex for 30 sec)

20
Q

What do you inspect for in the face during a RENAL exam?

A
  • Jaundice
  • Anaemia

(looks under and above eye)

21
Q

What exam do you do in the neck during a RENAL exam?

A
  • Renal Bruits
22
Q

What do you have to do at the abdomen during the RENAL exam?

A

INSPECT
- Scars + Distention + Swellings + Catheter

PALPATE
- General
- Liver + Spleen
- Ballot the Kidneys
- Bladder

PERCUSS
- Bladder
- Shifting dullness

AUSCULTATE
- Renal Bruits

23
Q

What do you have to do at the lower limb during the RENAL exam?

A
  • Pitting oedema + bruising
24
Q

What do you have to do at the spine during the RENAL exam?

A
  • Palpate for tenderness
25
Q

What are some general inspections for HAEM?

A
  • Pallor
  • Bruising
  • Jaundice
26
Q

What are some hand/arm inspections for a HAEM exam?

A
  • Koilonychia
  • Anaemia
  • Bruising
  • Scratch Mark
27
Q

What are some face inspections for a HAEM exam?

A
  • Jaundice
  • Anaemia

MOUTH
- Bleeding
- Gum hypertrophy
- Glossitis

28
Q

What do you have to do at the neck during a HAEM exam?

A
  • Epitrochlear Lymph Node
  • Axillary Lymph Node
  • Cervical Lymph Nodes
  • Popliteal Lymph Nodes
29
Q

What do you have to do at the abdomen during a HAEM exam?

A

PALPATE
- General
- Liver + Spleen
- Ballot the kidneys

PERCUSS
- Liver + Spleen

30
Q

What do examine the legs for during a HAEM exam?

A
  • Pitting Oedema
  • Bruising
  • Scratch Marks
31
Q

How do you examine bony tenderness in a HAEM exam?

A

Percuss on sternum + spine

MEDICINE Yr2 Sem2 (8 decks)

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