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Anatomy UE > cranial nerves > Flashcards

cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are Cranial Nerves?

A

Bundles of sensory and/or motor fibers

Innervate muscles and glands and/or carry sensory input

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2
Q

where do cranial​ nerves come out

A

Emerge from the cranial cavity via foramina in the cranium

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3
Q

how many CN are there

A

12 cranial nerves

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4
Q

how are the CN numbered

A

numbered from rostral(closer to the nose) (CN I) to caudal (CN XII) (closer to the tail

VB- clockwise

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5
Q

Functions of Cranial Nerves

A

Motor fibers - voluntary muscle
Motor fibers - involuntary muscle, glands
Sensory fibers - general sensation from skin & mucous membranes
Sensory fibers - sensation from the viscera
Sensory fibers - unique sensations

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6
Q

Olfactory Nerve number

A

1

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7
Q

Olfactory Nerve - sensory both or motor

A

sensory

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8
Q

Olfactory Nerve - sense for what

A

Sensory for smell

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9
Q

olfactory nerve cell bodies located where

A

Cell bodies are in the olfactory organ (in the roof of the nasal cavity) and along the nasal septum

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10
Q

olfactory nerve exit where

A

Exits cranium via the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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11
Q

Optic Nerve what number

A

2

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12
Q

optic nerve sensory both or motor

A

sensory

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13
Q

optic nerve sense what

A

Sensory for vision

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14
Q

optic nerve path

A

The optic nerve begins in the retina, then exits through the optic canal to enter the middle cranial fossa and forms the optic chiasm, where the fibers from each side partially cross

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15
Q

why is the optic chiasm​ important

A

Optic chiasm give us depth perception – without the world would look 2-d

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16
Q

Oculomotor Nerve nunmber

A

III - 3

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17
Q

Oculomotor nerve sensory motor or both

A

motor

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18
Q

Oculomotor Nerve two nucleus

A

Somatic nucleus
Visceral nucleus

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19
Q

Somatic nucleus- of the oculomotor nerve

A

Motor for 4 of the 6 extra-ocular muscles (all except superior oblique and lateral rectus)

Extra ocular – muscle that move the eye balls

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20
Q

Visceral nucleus - of the oculomotor nerve

A

Motor (parasympathetic) for ciliary body and constrictor pupillae

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21
Q

Oculomotor Nerve exit where

A

Travels through the superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

Trochlear Nerve - number

A

IV - 4

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23
Q

Trochlear motor sensory or both

A

motor

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24
Q

trochlear nerve motor supply to

A

Motor to superior oblique, an extraocular muscle

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25
Q

length of the trochlear nerve

A

Smallest cranial nerve, but has the longest intra-cranial course

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26
Q

Trochlear Nerve exit where

A

Traverses superior orbital fissure to gain entrance to orbit and innervates superior oblique

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27
Q

Trigeminal Nerve what number

A

V

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28
Q

Trigeminal Nerve motor sensory or both

A

both

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29
Q

Trigeminal Nerve nulceus

A

1 motor nucleus - to muscles of mastication

3 sensory nuclei - sensation to face

30
Q

Trigeminal Nerve 3 divsions

A

Ophthalmic - V1
Maxillary - V2
Mandibular - V3

31
Q

Ophthalmic Division - trigeminal

A

V1

Sensory to upper face (front of head & nose)

Traverses superior orbital fissure

32
Q

Maxillary Division- trigeminal

A

V2

Sensory to upper lip, maxillary teeth, palate, mucosa of nose

Exits via foramen rotundum

33
Q

Mandibular Division number - trigemenial

A

V3

34
Q

part of the mandibular division​ - trigeminal

A

sensory and motor

35
Q

sesnory divsion of the mandibular divsion

A

Sensory to teeth and gums of lower jaw, skin of temporal region, part of auricle, lower lip and lower face

36
Q

mandibular divsion motor divsion

A

Motor to muscles of mastication

37
Q

Mandibular Division - V3 exits where

A

Motor and sensory roots combine and traverse foramen ovale

38
Q

Abducens Nerve what number

A

VI - 6

39
Q

abducens nerve motor

A

Motor to lateral rectus (an extraocular muscle

40
Q

Facial Nerve number

A

VII - 7

41
Q

Facial Nerve motor sensory or both

A

both

42
Q

Facial Nerve Motor to

A

muscles of facial expression

43
Q

Facial Nerve for taste of

A

Taste to anterior tongue and palate

44
Q

facial nerve parasympathetic

A

Parasympathetic for submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands

45
Q

fascial nerve path

A

VII traverses internal acoustic meatus (with VIII) –>, into facial canal –> exits the cranium through the stylomastoid foramen –> Runs forward through parotid gland and divides into branches

46
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve number

A

VIII

47
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve sensory motor or both

A

sensory

48
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve sensory to

A

Vestibular portion for balance
Cochlear portion for hearing

49
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve pathway

A

Traverses internal acoustic meatus to reach inner ear

50
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve number

A

IX

51
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve sensory motor or both

A

both

52
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve motor

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

53
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve sensory

A

Sensory for touch to pharynx, tonsil and posterior 1/3 of tongue

Sensory for taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue

sensory endings to wall of carotid sinus and to carotid body

54
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve parasympathetic

A

parotid gland

55
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve exits where

A

jugular foramen anterior to X & XI

56
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve travels between

A

Passes between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery

57
Q

Vagus Nerve number

A

X

58
Q

Vagus Nerve sensory, motor or both

A

both

59
Q

pathway of vagus nerve

A

Traverses jugular foramen (with IX and XI) –> descends within carotid sheath between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery –> enters thorax

60
Q

Vagus Nerve Parasympathetic

A

Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to heart, lungs and digestive system to left colic flexure

61
Q

Vagus Nerve Sensory branch

A

carotid body
larynx
Taste to epiglottis
to skin of auricle and dura in posterior cranial fossa

62
Q

Vagus Nerve motor

A

Gag reflex motor
larynx

63
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve number

A

XI

64
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve sensory, motor, or both

A

motor

65
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve motor

A

SCM and trapezius mm

66
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve formed by what

A

Formed by union of cranial and spinal roots

67
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve crosses where

A

Traverses jugular foramen with IX and X

68
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve number

A

XII

69
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve motor sensory or both

A

motor

70
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve motor

A

intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

71
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve exits through

A

hypoglossal canal

72
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve is joined by what

A

Joined by branch from VPR of C1

Anatomy UE (11 decks)

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