Cranial nerve Flashcards by Ismara Contratto

Name of CN I

Olfactory

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CN I- olfactory

Sensory or motor?

Sensory

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CN I- olfactory

Innervation?

olfactory bulb

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CN I- olfactory

Damage to this will cause?

decreased or loss of smell

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CN I- olfactory

How will this effect you?

The ability to smell

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Name of CN II

Optic

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CN II- optic

Sensory or motor?

Sensory

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CN II- optic

Innervation?

Retina

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CN II- optic

Damage to this will cause?

Decrease or loss of vision

visual field deficits

blurring or diplopia

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CN II- optic

How will this effect you?

E.g.,

driving

seeing people etc.

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CN III

Name

Oculomotor

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CN III- occulomotor

Sensory or Motor?

Motor

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CN III- occulomotor

Innervation

All eye muscles EXCEPT: Lateral rectus, superior oblique, iris sphincter

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CN III- occulomotor

Damage to this will cause?

Oculomotor nerve palsy (outward and downward deviation of the eye)

Ptosis of eye lid

dilation of the ipsilateral pupil in complete palsy

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CN III- occulomotor

How will this effect you?

the ability to look up or straight ahead without tilting your head to look back

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CN IV

Name

Trochlear

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CN IV- trochlear

Sensory or motor?

Motor

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CN IV- trochlear

Innervation

Superior oblique muscle of the eye ball (outward and downward)

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CN IV- trochlear

Damage to this nerve will cause?

Vertical diplopia (seeing double except images are stacked instead of side by side)

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CN IV- trochlear

How will this effect you?

Difficult to walk

drive

ride a bike

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CN V

Name?

Trigeminal

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CN V- Trigeminal

Sensory or motor

Both

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CN V-Trigeminal

Innervation

Muscles of mastication

sensation to face, sinuses, teeth

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CN V-Trigeminal

Damage to this will cause?

xerostomia

anesthesia to the forehead, eyebrows, and nose

Dysphagia in the oral preparatory phase of swallowing

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CN V Trigeminal How will this effect you?

effect your ability to chew and swallow food as a result of xerostomia and it effecting your muscles of mastication may effect nutrition due to poor swallowing efficiency

CN VI Name?

Abducens

CN VI Abducens Sensory or motor

Motor

CN VI Abducens Innervation

Lateral rectus muscle (rotates the eyeball outward)

CN VI Abducens Damage to this nerve?

Eye turning medially or may sit midline at rest but cannot deviate laterally --Cross eyed

CN VI Abducens Effect of damage?

Reading--visual scanning problems loss of depth perception--which will effect ADLs (walking, reaching for objects, running, etc.)

CN VII Name?

Facial

CN VII Facial Sensory or motor?

both

CN VII Facial Innervation?

facial muscles including: buccinators, stapedius muscle, orbicularis oris taste sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

CN VII Facial damage to this nerve will cause?

facial paralysis or paresis (bell's palsy) Sensory portion may cause impaired sense of taste

CN VII Facial Effect of damage?

affect enjoyment of food

CN VIII Name?

Vestibulocochlear

CN VIII Vestibulocochlear Sensory or motor?

sensory

CN VIII Vestibulocochlear Innervation

Cochlea

CN VIII Vestibulocochlear Damage will result in?

deafness or decreased hearing tinnitus commonly positional vertigo

CN VIII Vestibulocochlear What will damage to this nerve effect?

may effect their ability to stand or sit up, may become nauseous.

CN IX Name?

Glossopharyngeal

CN IX Glossopharyngeal Sensory or motor?

Both

CN IX Glossopharyngeal Innervation?

pharynx and stylophayngeous muscle

CN IX Glossopharyngeal Responsible for?

taste in the posterior third of the tongue

CN IX Glossopharyngeal Damage to this nerve will cause?

dysphagia in the pharyngeal phase

CN IX Glossopharyngeal How will damage to this nerve effect someone?

a patient may experience difficulty triggering a swallow and may have a globes sensation

CN X Name

vagus

CN X vagus Sensory or motor

Both

CN X vagus Innervation

pharynx base of tongue larynx sensory to the pharynx & larynx as well

CN X vagus | Damage to this nerve will cause

Weak or hoarse voice dysphagia in pharyngeal phase w/ difficulty triggering swallow reflex and residue in valleculae and pyriform sinuses due to decreased laryngeal elevation and epiglottic inversion

CN X vagus | How will damage to this nerve effect someone?

pt. may aspirate food & liquid as well as their own secretions

CN XI | Name

Spinal Accessory Nerve

CN XI Spinal Accessory Nerve Sensory or motor

primarily motor

CN XI Spinal Accessory Nerve Innervation

Sternocleidomastoid trapezius muscle

CN XI Spinal Accessory Nerve Damage will cause

Difficulty turning your head and shrugging your shoulders

Damage to what nerves may result in dysphagia or dysarthria?

CN IX, X, XI

CN XII Name

Hypoglossal

CN XII Hypoglossal Sensory or motor?

motor

CN XII Hypoglossal Innervation

styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus, and intrinsic muscles of the tongue

CN XII Hypoglossal Damage to this nerve will result in?

dysarthria and dysphagia

How will this effect the pt.? CN XII Hypoglossal

ability to clearly articulate words in addition to creating a bolus