Cranial

Question 1

spinal cord changes during respiration

Answer 1

lengthens and thins in exhalation shortens and thickens on inhalation

Question 2

Motion of CRI in Inhalation

Answer 2

corresponds to flexion at the sphenobasilar synchondrosis (SBS)

Question 3

The joint/connection posterior to the sella turcica between the sphenoid and the occiput

Answer 3

sphenobasilar synchondrosis (SBS)

Question 4

Cycles of Cranial Rhythmic Impulse

Answer 4

10-14 cycles per minute

Question 5

Describe Brain motion systole and Diastole. Describe the displacement of the midbrain and brainstem in reference to the foramen magnum and thalami.

Answer 5

Brain motion consists of a single displacement in systole followed by a slow return in diastole. This displacement includes a descent of midbrain and brainstem TOMWARDS foramen magnum with velocities ≤ 2 mm/sec Medial compression of thalami on 3rd ventricle 1.5 ≤ mm/sec.

Question 6

how does systole and diastole behave according to the Traube-Hering-Mayer waves phenomenon. Do they relate to the cardiac or pulmonary respiratory cycles?

Answer 6

Description: Rhythmical variations in blood pressure (Systolic and diastolic values increase and decrease inversely to each other, frequency varying from 8 to 12 cycles a minute, related to variations in vasomotor tone, no

Question 7

Which Sinus is the axis about which membranes move.

Answer 7

Straight sinus is the

Question 8

factors that decrease rate of CRI

Answer 8

stress depression chronic fatigue chronic infections

Question 9

factors that increase rate of CRI

Answer 9

vigorous physical exercise systemic fever following OMT to craniosacral mech

Question 10

where does dura mater attach

Answer 10

foramen magnum, C2 C3 S2 (respiratory axis)

Question 11

flexion SBS What do midline bones do vs paired bones?

Answer 11

midline bones of cranium and dura move cephalad (flexion): paired bones cranium externally rotate causes sacrum to counternutate (extend)

Question 12

Sutherland named this functional anatomic unit, the Reciprocal Tension Membrane (RTM).

Answer 12

Meninges (review path of flow)

Question 13

Absorption of the CSF into the blood stream takes place in the

Answer 13

superior sagittal sinus through structures called arachnoid villi .

Question 14

What prevents the CSF from flowing into the blood stream? When will CSF will flow into the blood stream.

Answer 14

arachnoid villi act as “one way valves In the case were CSF pressure is greater than the venous pressure the arachnoid villi will NOT let blood pass into the ventricular system.

Question 15

What foreman does CSF flows from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle?

Answer 15

interventricular foramen (also called the foramina of Monro).

Question 16

Aqueduct of Sylvius (cerebral aqueduct )

Answer 16

Connects the third and fourth ventricle to each other by the CSF then flows into the subarachnoid space through the

Question 17

foramina of Luschka and the foramen of Magendie.

Answer 17

Lateral and and medial foramen that recieve CSF from 4th ventricle.

Question 18

main function of Sharpey’s fibers in the skull

Answer 18

bind the cranial bones in a firm but moveable manner; they are most numerous in areas where the bones are subjected to the greatest forces of separation

Question 19

Attatchement of Spinal Dura

Answer 19

extends through the Vertebral Canal into the Sacral Canal. It attaches to the posterior aspect of S-2.

Question 20

The inferior attachment of the dural tube

Answer 20

is to the posterior aspect of the body of S2

Question 21

How is the sacrum is suspended between the ilia

Answer 21

by anterior, posterior, and intra-articular ligaments

Question 22

Axis in Torsion

Answer 22

AP

Question 23

How are torsions names?

Answer 23

The most superior greater wind of Sphenoid Ex: Right Torsion–> GWS is higher on right

Question 24

How does Sphenoid and Occiput rotate in in a torsion?

Answer 24

Sph–> clockwise Occ–> counter Clockwise

Question 25

Axis for Side bending and rotation

Answer 25

Rotation–> AP axis through SBS SB–> 2 parallel through Foramen Magnum and other thorugh sphenoid

Question 26

How does Sphenoid and Occiput move in side bending and rotation.

Answer 26

Together: either Clockwise or CC

Question 27

How does Sphenoid and Occiput move in left sidebending?

Answer 27

they will be inferior on the left

Question 28

Lateral strain axis

Answer 28

2 parallel vertical axis: one through sphenoid other through foramen magnum

Question 29

How does Sphenoid and Occiput move in lateral strain patterns

Answer 29

Sphenoid is lateral to occiput

Question 30

How are lateral strain patterns named?

Answer 30

Position of the basisphenoid

Question 31

What occurs in a compression strain pattern?

Answer 31

When sphenoid and occiput are pushed together as a result of trauma

Question 32

In a vault hold, where is your index finger

Answer 32

greater wing of sphenoid

Question 33

In a vault hold, where is your middle finger

Answer 33

Temporal bone in front of the ear

Question 34

In a vault hold, where is your ring finger

Answer 34

mastoid region of temporal bone

Question 35

In a vault hold, where is your littlt finger

Answer 35

squamous portion of occiput